tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-52880132824879552592024-03-07T22:18:04.514-08:00Midwest Wholesale HardwareMidwest Wholesale Hardwarehttp://www.blogger.com/profile/15527889078105488471noreply@blogger.comBlogger9125tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-5288013282487955259.post-73906720670266620122014-09-30T12:17:00.000-07:002014-12-16T09:25:07.846-08:00Installation and service videos<h2>
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<![endif]--><span style="font-size: x-small;"><span style="font-family: "Helvetica Neue",Arial,Helvetica,sans-serif;"><span style="font-family: "Helvetica","sans-serif"; font-size: 14.0pt; line-height: 115%; mso-bidi-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-bidi-theme-font: minor-bidi;">Have you ever wondered how to learn to properly install or adjust a
door closer, or what is involved in installing an automatic operator? Are you
new to installing card access and want training on programming a new system?</span></span></span><br />
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Under the “Education and Resource” tab, you will find a selection for
Installation videos. Many major manufacturers have produced high quality videos
covering installation and service of their equipment. In many cases, they will
breakdown the installation of a specific model into three or four sections, and
produce a three to ten minute video for each section. </span></span></span><br />
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constantly adding content from all of the manufacturers we represent. These
videos are all installation and/or service training material, not sales
oriented.</span></span></span><br />
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product. These are generally low quality and many contain inaccurate or
misleading information.</span></i></span></span></div>
Midwest Wholesale Hardwarehttp://www.blogger.com/profile/15527889078105488471noreply@blogger.com0tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-5288013282487955259.post-24592503412290073682014-04-01T06:36:00.001-07:002014-12-16T09:21:09.004-08:00Importance of a complete and accurate Bill Of Materials<!--[if gte mso 9]><xml>
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<![endif]--><span style="font-family: "Helvetica Neue",Arial,Helvetica,sans-serif;"><span style="font-size: small; line-height: 115%;">One
recurring issue I hear from many of our customers is problems resulting from an
inaccurate bill of materials. The tech shows up at the job without everything
he needs to complete the installation.</span></span><br />
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<span style="font-family: "Helvetica Neue",Arial,Helvetica,sans-serif;"><span style="font-size: small; line-height: 115%;">Material
shortages or incorrect material can tank the project from a profit standpoint.
It is not possible to overstate the importance of a complete and accurate bill
of materials (BOM). Many times, in an effort to quickly get pricing for a project,
sales/estimating may throw together a BOM, without committing a definitive
scope of work to paper. While they may get most of the items needed on the BOM,
it can be very easy to omit items such the required keyway, power transfer, or
faceplate for an electric strike. </span></span><br />
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<span style="font-family: "Helvetica Neue",Arial,Helvetica,sans-serif;"><span style="font-size: small; line-height: 115%;">You can
build the BOM with a card reader, control panel, electrified mortise lock,
power supply and access cards, but if you don’t include an electrified hinge, or
you have a power supply with the incorrect voltage output, the project cannot
be completed without additional trips, and wasted time. How often have you, or
your employees had to make additional trips because you brought the wrong part(s)?
Your errors and omissions are generally not considered a valid reason for a
billable change order. If you were installing this equipment for a customer
next door to your office and had the wrong hinge, even if you had the proper
one in your warehouse stock, you would most likely still waste an hour labor
for a tech to stop what he is doing and go across the street to get the
required parts.</span></span><br />
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<span style="font-family: "Helvetica Neue",Arial,Helvetica,sans-serif; font-size: small;"><span style="font-family: "Calibri","sans-serif"; font-size: x-small; line-height: 115%; mso-ansi-language: EN-US; mso-ascii-theme-font: minor-latin; mso-bidi-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-bidi-language: AR-SA; mso-bidi-theme-font: minor-bidi; mso-fareast-font-family: Calibri; mso-fareast-language: EN-US; mso-fareast-theme-font: minor-latin; mso-hansi-theme-font: minor-latin;">An accurate bill of material, along with a
comprehensive scope of work and a project drawing can help you to realize
maximum profits on each project.</span></span>Midwest Wholesale Hardwarehttp://www.blogger.com/profile/15527889078105488471noreply@blogger.com0tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-5288013282487955259.post-6808482213116881772014-01-10T13:52:00.000-08:002014-01-10T13:52:32.451-08:00Power Supplies – Linear vs. Switching<!--[if gte mso 9]><xml>
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We have had questions from our customers about the
differences in Linear and Switching power supplies. What are they and which do
I want to use. </div>
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<br /></div>
<div class="MsoNormal">
The basic function of an AC to DC power supply is to convert
the incoming AC power supplied by the power company into DC output.<span style="mso-spacerun: yes;"> </span>This is called rectifying.<span style="mso-spacerun: yes;"> </span>It also transforms the voltage to the desired
output voltage level.<span style="mso-spacerun: yes;"> </span>In order to
achieve usable current, it also must regulate and filter the output so that it
remains constant under load and consistent regardless of the conditions at the
input.</div>
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<br /></div>
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There are two technology approaches for achieving this
–linear or switching technology.</div>
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<br /></div>
<div class="MsoNormal">
Switching power supplies are the most common and popular
power supplies in the access control realm.<span style="mso-spacerun: yes;">
</span>They achieve the voltage step down by switching on and off very rapidly.
They use a low-current, high voltage bridge rectifier to transfer power from
the input side to the output side.<span style="mso-spacerun: yes;"> </span>This
allows the power supply to operate with less heat and to be made of lighter materials.
As a result they are less expensive and weigh less.</div>
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<br /></div>
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However, the switching technology has some drawbacks.<span style="mso-spacerun: yes;"> </span>These can create interference, referred to as
noise and ripple, in several ways. </div>
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<br /></div>
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One way is by operating in a frequency similar to a
contactless card reader, which can impact the readers’ ability of the reader to
interact with the card.<span style="mso-spacerun: yes;"> </span>In another, the
magnetic field created from the on/off switching of a poorly designed power
supply may induce voltage onto nearby wires through inductive coupling.<span style="mso-spacerun: yes;"> </span>The electromagnetic field itself may cause
electromagnetic interference (EMI) or radio frequency interference (RFI), which
can impact the performance of audio equipment or technology that relies on RF
communication.</div>
<div class="MsoNormal">
<br /></div>
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This will show up at the reader as reduced read range
(having to scrub the card on the reader), rejected reads or “phantom” access
attempts.</div>
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<br /></div>
<div class="MsoNormal">
A well-designed switching power supply with good regulation
and filtering can greatly reduce the interference. <span style="mso-spacerun: yes;"> </span>The power supply may cost a little more, but
the result will be better when used with RF and proximity devices</div>
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<br /></div>
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Linear power supplies achieve the desired output voltage by
getting rid of the excess power through resistors.<span style="mso-spacerun: yes;"> </span>They transfer energy from the input side to
the output side via circuitry called a linear bridge.<span style="mso-spacerun: yes;"> </span></div>
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<br /></div>
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Because they eliminate excess power through resistance, they
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<br /></div>
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But because they the always “on” there are no fluctuating
magnetic fields and the voltage is steady, so no EMI or RFI.<span style="mso-spacerun: yes;"> </span>This is why manufacturers of certain
equipment require or recommend linear power supplies for use with their
devices.</div>
Midwest Wholesale Hardwarehttp://www.blogger.com/profile/15527889078105488471noreply@blogger.com0tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-5288013282487955259.post-16020612162357067912013-11-20T05:51:00.000-08:002014-12-16T09:28:41.664-08:00Access Control Glossary<!--[if gte mso 9]><xml>
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<br />
<div class="MsoNormal">
<span style="font-size: small;"><span style="font-family: "Helvetica Neue",Arial,Helvetica,sans-serif;"><span style="line-height: 115%;">Many of our customers have asked for a glossary of
terms related to access control. I have combined several glossaries to make
this cover a broad range of terms. If you need a definition that is not listed
here, let us know and we will make every effort to add it to the list below.
This glossary will also be posted on our website in the “Education and
Resource” section.</span></span></span></div>
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<br /></div>
<div class="MsoNormal">
<br /></div>
<br />
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<![endif]--><span style="font-family: "Helvetica Neue",Arial,Helvetica,sans-serif;"><span style="font-size: large;">Access Control Glossary</span></span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: normal; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0in; mso-layout-grid-align: none; text-autospace: none;">
<br /></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: normal; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0in; mso-layout-grid-align: none; text-autospace: none;">
<span style="font-size: small;"><span style="font-family: "Helvetica Neue",Arial,Helvetica,sans-serif;"><b><span style="color: #33339b; font-family: "ArialNarrow-Bold","sans-serif"; font-size: 16.0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: ArialNarrow-Bold;">125kHz</span></b></span></span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: normal; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0in; mso-layout-grid-align: none; text-autospace: none;">
<span style="font-size: small;"><span style="font-family: "Helvetica Neue",Arial,Helvetica,sans-serif;"><span style="color: black;">Radio transmission
operating at 125 thousand cycles per second. This technology has historically
been the standard for proximity cards/readers</span></span></span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: normal; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0in; mso-layout-grid-align: none; text-autospace: none;">
<span style="font-size: small;"><span style="font-family: "Helvetica Neue",Arial,Helvetica,sans-serif;"><b><span style="color: #33339b; font-family: "ArialNarrow-Bold","sans-serif"; font-size: 16.0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: ArialNarrow-Bold;">128 Bit AES</span></b></span></span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: normal; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0in; mso-layout-grid-align: none; text-autospace: none;">
<span style="font-size: small;"><span style="font-family: "Helvetica Neue",Arial,Helvetica,sans-serif;"><span style="color: black;">A specification for the
encryption of electronic data using a 128 bit symmetric key algorithm</span></span></span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: normal; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0in; mso-layout-grid-align: none; text-autospace: none;">
<span style="font-size: small;"><span style="font-family: "Helvetica Neue",Arial,Helvetica,sans-serif;"><b><span style="color: #33339b; font-family: "ArialNarrow-Bold","sans-serif"; font-size: 16.0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: ArialNarrow-Bold;">13.56MHz</span></b></span></span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: normal; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0in; mso-layout-grid-align: none; text-autospace: none;">
<span style="font-size: small;"><span style="font-family: "Helvetica Neue",Arial,Helvetica,sans-serif;"><span style="color: black;">Radio transmission
operating at 13.56 million cycles per second. This technology has historically
been the standard for smart cards/readers</span></span></span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: normal; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0in; mso-layout-grid-align: none; text-autospace: none;">
<span style="font-size: small;"><span style="font-family: "Helvetica Neue",Arial,Helvetica,sans-serif;"><b><span style="color: #33339b; font-family: "ArialNarrow-Bold","sans-serif"; font-size: 16.0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: ArialNarrow-Bold;">26 Bit Format</span></b></span></span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: normal; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0in; mso-layout-grid-align: none; text-autospace: none;">
<span style="font-size: small;"><span style="font-family: "Helvetica Neue",Arial,Helvetica,sans-serif;"><span style="color: black;">The most common data
format for RFID badges. It consists of 4 components. Even Parity (1 Bit),
Facility Code (8 Bits), Card # (16 Bits) and Odd Parity (1 Bit)</span></span></span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: normal; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0in; mso-layout-grid-align: none; text-autospace: none;">
<span style="font-size: small;"><span style="font-family: "Helvetica Neue",Arial,Helvetica,sans-serif;"><b><span style="color: #33339b; font-family: "ArialNarrow-Bold","sans-serif"; font-size: 16.0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: ArialNarrow-Bold;">3DES (TDEA)</span></b></span></span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: normal; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0in; mso-layout-grid-align: none; text-autospace: none;">
<span style="font-size: small;"><span style="font-family: "Helvetica Neue",Arial,Helvetica,sans-serif;"><span style="color: black;">Triple DES is a
specification for the encryption of electronic data which applies the data
encryption standard three times to each block.</span></span></span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: normal; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0in; mso-layout-grid-align: none; text-autospace: none;">
<span style="font-size: small;"><span style="font-family: "Helvetica Neue",Arial,Helvetica,sans-serif;"><b><span style="color: #33339b; font-family: "ArialNarrow-Bold","sans-serif"; font-size: 16.0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: ArialNarrow-Bold;">access control</span></b></span></span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: normal; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0in; mso-layout-grid-align: none; text-autospace: none;">
<span style="font-size: small;"><span style="font-family: "Helvetica Neue",Arial,Helvetica,sans-serif;"><span style="color: black;">Controlling entry of
people into buildings, rooms, and racks, and controlling the use of keyboards
and equipment, by the use of automated devices that either read information
stored on an object such a card (</span><span style="color: black; font-family: "Arial,Bold","sans-serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: "Arial\,Bold"; mso-bidi-font-weight: bold;">what you have</span><span style="color: black;">),
receive a code or password (</span><span style="color: black; font-family: "Arial,Bold","sans-serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: "Arial\,Bold"; mso-bidi-font-weight: bold;">what you know</span><span style="color: black;">), or recognize a physical trait
by biometric analysis (</span><span style="color: black; font-family: "Arial,Bold","sans-serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: "Arial\,Bold"; mso-bidi-font-weight: bold;">what
you are</span><span style="color: black;">).</span></span></span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: normal; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0in; mso-layout-grid-align: none; text-autospace: none;">
<span style="font-size: small;"><span style="font-family: "Helvetica Neue",Arial,Helvetica,sans-serif;"><b><span style="color: #33339b; font-family: "ArialNarrow-Bold","sans-serif"; font-size: 16.0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: ArialNarrow-Bold;">access credential</span></b></span></span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: normal; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0in; mso-layout-grid-align: none; text-autospace: none;">
<span style="font-size: small;"><span style="font-family: "Helvetica Neue",Arial,Helvetica,sans-serif;"><span style="color: black;">A medium that contains
encoded information, such as ID cards, key fobs, & smart chips</span></span></span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: normal; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0in; mso-layout-grid-align: none; text-autospace: none;">
<span style="font-size: small;"><span style="font-family: "Helvetica Neue",Arial,Helvetica,sans-serif;"><b><span style="color: #33339b; font-family: "ArialNarrow-Bold","sans-serif"; font-size: 16.0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: ArialNarrow-Bold;">access level</span></b></span></span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: normal; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0in; mso-layout-grid-align: none; text-autospace: none;">
<span style="font-size: small;"><span style="font-family: "Helvetica Neue",Arial,Helvetica,sans-serif;"><span style="color: black;">A logical group of doors
paired with a time schedule used to determine when and where a card is granted
access.</span></span></span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: normal; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0in; mso-layout-grid-align: none; text-autospace: none;">
<span style="font-size: small;"><span style="font-family: "Helvetica Neue",Arial,Helvetica,sans-serif;"><b><span style="color: #33339b; font-family: "ArialNarrow-Bold","sans-serif"; font-size: 16.0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: ArialNarrow-Bold;">access point</span></b></span></span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: normal; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0in; mso-layout-grid-align: none; text-autospace: none;">
<span style="font-size: small;"><span style="font-family: "Helvetica Neue",Arial,Helvetica,sans-serif;"><span style="color: black;">A place along the
perimeter of a secure area where there is a door/gate/portal and some type of </span><b><span style="color: black; font-family: "Arial,Bold","sans-serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: "Arial\,Bold";">access control </span></b><span style="color: black;">method to screen users
attempting entry to the area.</span></span></span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: normal; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0in; mso-layout-grid-align: none; text-autospace: none;">
<span style="font-size: small;"><span style="font-family: "Helvetica Neue",Arial,Helvetica,sans-serif;"><b><span style="color: #33339b; font-family: "ArialNarrow-Bold","sans-serif"; font-size: 16.0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: ArialNarrow-Bold;">ADA</span></b></span></span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: normal; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0in; mso-layout-grid-align: none; text-autospace: none;">
<span style="font-size: small;"><span style="font-family: "Helvetica Neue",Arial,Helvetica,sans-serif;"><span style="color: black;">Americans with
Disabilities Act</span></span></span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: normal; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0in; mso-layout-grid-align: none; text-autospace: none;">
<span style="font-size: small;"><span style="font-family: "Helvetica Neue",Arial,Helvetica,sans-serif;"><b><span style="color: #33339b; font-family: "ArialNarrow-Bold","sans-serif"; font-size: 16.0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: ArialNarrow-Bold;">AHJ</span></b></span></span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: normal; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0in; mso-layout-grid-align: none; text-autospace: none;">
<span style="font-size: small;"><span style="font-family: "Helvetica Neue",Arial,Helvetica,sans-serif;"><span style="color: black;">Authorities having
Jurisdiction</span></span></span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: normal; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0in; mso-layout-grid-align: none; text-autospace: none;">
<span style="font-size: small;"><span style="font-family: "Helvetica Neue",Arial,Helvetica,sans-serif;"><b><span style="color: #33339b; font-family: "ArialNarrow-Bold","sans-serif"; font-size: 16.0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: ArialNarrow-Bold;">alarm input</span></b></span></span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: normal; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0in; mso-layout-grid-align: none; text-autospace: none;">
<span style="font-size: small;"><span style="font-family: "Helvetica Neue",Arial,Helvetica,sans-serif;"><span style="color: black;">A monitoring point on a
panel that checks the status of a device, typically digital (open/closed). Thru
the use of resistors, they may also monitor a normal/alarm/short/open.</span></span></span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: normal; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0in; mso-layout-grid-align: none; text-autospace: none;">
<span style="font-size: small;"><span style="font-family: "Helvetica Neue",Arial,Helvetica,sans-serif;"><b><span style="color: #33339b; font-family: "ArialNarrow-Bold","sans-serif"; font-size: 16.0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: ArialNarrow-Bold;">alternating current</span></b></span></span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: normal; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0in; mso-layout-grid-align: none; text-autospace: none;">
<span style="font-size: small;"><span style="font-family: "Helvetica Neue",Arial,Helvetica,sans-serif;">An electric current that reverses its
direction regularly and continually. The voltage alternates its polarity and
direction of current flow negative to positive. AC current increases to a peak,
decreases through zero and peaks in the opposite</span></span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: normal; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0in; mso-layout-grid-align: none; text-autospace: none;">
<span style="font-size: small;"><span style="font-family: "Helvetica Neue",Arial,Helvetica,sans-serif;">direction. AC current flows back and
forth in the conductor and is expressed in cycles per second or Hertz (Hz).</span></span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: normal; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0in; mso-layout-grid-align: none; text-autospace: none;">
<span style="font-size: small;"><span style="font-family: "Helvetica Neue",Arial,Helvetica,sans-serif;"><b><span style="color: #33339b; font-family: "ArialNarrow-Bold","sans-serif"; font-size: 16.0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: ArialNarrow-Bold;">ambient temperature</span></b></span></span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: normal; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0in; mso-layout-grid-align: none; text-autospace: none;">
<span style="font-size: small;"><span style="font-family: "Helvetica Neue",Arial,Helvetica,sans-serif;">The temperature of the air in the
immediately surrounding environment.</span></span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: normal; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0in; mso-layout-grid-align: none; text-autospace: none;">
<span style="font-size: small;"><span style="font-family: "Helvetica Neue",Arial,Helvetica,sans-serif;"><b><span style="color: #33339b; font-family: "ArialNarrow-Bold","sans-serif"; font-size: 16.0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: ArialNarrow-Bold;">ampere (A, amp)</span></b></span></span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: normal; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0in; mso-layout-grid-align: none; text-autospace: none;">
<span style="font-size: small;"><span style="font-family: "Helvetica Neue",Arial,Helvetica,sans-serif;">The unit of measurement for the rate
of electrical current flow, characterized by the symbols ' I ' (in Ohm's law
formulas) or 'A.' One ampere is the current flowing through one ohm of
resistance at one volt potential<span style="font-family: "OfficinaSans-Book","sans-serif"; font-size: 10.0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: OfficinaSans-Book;">.</span></span></span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: normal; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0in; mso-layout-grid-align: none; text-autospace: none;">
<span style="font-size: small;"><span style="font-family: "Helvetica Neue",Arial,Helvetica,sans-serif;"><b><span style="color: #33339b; font-family: "ArialNarrow-Bold","sans-serif"; font-size: 16.0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: ArialNarrow-Bold;">ampere/hour (AH)</span></b></span></span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: normal; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0in; mso-layout-grid-align: none; text-autospace: none;">
<span style="font-size: small;"><span style="font-family: "Helvetica Neue",Arial,Helvetica,sans-serif;">A measurement of a battery's capacity.
One ampere of current flowing for one hour equals one ampere/hour.</span></span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: normal; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0in; mso-layout-grid-align: none; text-autospace: none;">
<span style="font-size: small;"><span style="font-family: "Helvetica Neue",Arial,Helvetica,sans-serif;"><b><span style="color: #33339b; font-family: "ArialNarrow-Bold","sans-serif"; font-size: 16.0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: ArialNarrow-Bold;">annunciator </span></b></span></span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: normal; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0in; mso-layout-grid-align: none; text-autospace: none;">
<span style="font-size: small;"><span style="font-family: "Helvetica Neue",Arial,Helvetica,sans-serif;">An audible and/or visual signaling
device.</span></span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: normal; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0in; mso-layout-grid-align: none; text-autospace: none;">
<span style="font-size: small;"><span style="font-family: "Helvetica Neue",Arial,Helvetica,sans-serif;"><b><span style="color: #33339b; font-family: "ArialNarrow-Bold","sans-serif"; font-size: 16.0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: ArialNarrow-Bold;">ANSI</span></b></span></span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: normal; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0in; mso-layout-grid-align: none; text-autospace: none;">
<span style="font-size: small;"><span style="font-family: "Helvetica Neue",Arial,Helvetica,sans-serif;">The American National Standards
Institute (ANSI) is a private, non-profit organization that administers and
coordinates the U.S. voluntary standardization and conformity assessment
system.</span></span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: normal; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0in; mso-layout-grid-align: none; text-autospace: none;">
<span style="font-size: small;"><span style="font-family: "Helvetica Neue",Arial,Helvetica,sans-serif;"><b><span style="color: #33339b; font-family: "ArialNarrow-Bold","sans-serif"; font-size: 16.0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: ArialNarrow-Bold;">anti-collision</span></b></span></span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: normal; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0in; mso-layout-grid-align: none; text-autospace: none;">
<span style="font-size: small;"><span style="font-family: "Helvetica Neue",Arial,Helvetica,sans-serif;"><span style="color: black;">The process built into an
RFID system that protects multiple cards from being read at the same time when
within the readers RF field.</span></span></span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: normal; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0in; mso-layout-grid-align: none; text-autospace: none;">
<span style="font-size: small;"><span style="font-family: "Helvetica Neue",Arial,Helvetica,sans-serif;"><b><span style="color: #33339b; font-family: "ArialNarrow-Bold","sans-serif"; font-size: 16.0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: ArialNarrow-Bold;">anti-passback</span></b></span></span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: normal; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0in; mso-layout-grid-align: none; text-autospace: none;">
<span style="font-size: small;"><span style="font-family: "Helvetica Neue",Arial,Helvetica,sans-serif;"><span style="color: black;">refers to a systems
ability to track an individuals in/out status at a facility, typically through
entrance and exit card readers. Once a person has entered, they cannot enter
again until they have exited. </span></span></span></div>
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<span style="font-size: small;"><span style="font-family: "Helvetica Neue",Arial,Helvetica,sans-serif;"><b><span style="color: #33339b; font-family: "ArialNarrow-Bold","sans-serif"; font-size: 16.0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: ArialNarrow-Bold;">API</span></b></span></span></div>
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<span style="font-size: small;"><span style="font-family: "Helvetica Neue",Arial,Helvetica,sans-serif;"><span style="color: black;">Application Programming
Interface is a source code interface that is provided in order to support
requests to be made by other computer programs and/or allow data to be
exchanged.</span></span></span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: normal; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0in; mso-layout-grid-align: none; text-autospace: none;">
<span style="font-size: small;"><span style="font-family: "Helvetica Neue",Arial,Helvetica,sans-serif;"><b><span style="color: #33339b; font-family: "ArialNarrow-Bold","sans-serif"; font-size: 16.0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: ArialNarrow-Bold;">audit trail</span></b></span></span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: normal; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0in; mso-layout-grid-align: none; text-autospace: none;">
<span style="font-size: small;"><span style="font-family: "Helvetica Neue",Arial,Helvetica,sans-serif;">A record of transactions that can be
used by an interested party to trace an access control activities during a
specific time period.</span></span></div>
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<span style="font-size: small;"><span style="font-family: "Helvetica Neue",Arial,Helvetica,sans-serif;"><b><span style="color: #33339b; font-family: "ArialNarrow-Bold","sans-serif"; font-size: 16.0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: ArialNarrow-Bold;">availability percentage</span></b></span></span></div>
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<span style="font-size: small;"><span style="font-family: "Helvetica Neue",Arial,Helvetica,sans-serif;"><span style="color: black;">A calculated prediction of
a system’s percentage of “uptime.” For mission-critical facilities, the goal is
“five</span></span></span></div>
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<span style="font-size: small;"><span style="font-family: "Helvetica Neue",Arial,Helvetica,sans-serif;"><span style="color: black;">"nines” or 99.999% –
less than 5 minutes of downtime per year.</span></span></span></div>
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<span style="font-size: small;"><span style="font-family: "Helvetica Neue",Arial,Helvetica,sans-serif;"><b><span style="color: #33339b; font-family: "ArialNarrow-Bold","sans-serif"; font-size: 16.0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: ArialNarrow-Bold;">bandwidth</span></b></span></span></div>
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<span style="font-size: small;"><span style="font-family: "Helvetica Neue",Arial,Helvetica,sans-serif;"><span style="color: black;">The amount of data a
network can transport in a given time period.</span></span></span></div>
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<span style="font-size: small;"><span style="font-family: "Helvetica Neue",Arial,Helvetica,sans-serif;"></span></span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: normal; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0in; mso-layout-grid-align: none; text-autospace: none;">
<span style="font-size: small;"><span style="font-family: "Helvetica Neue",Arial,Helvetica,sans-serif;"><b><span style="color: #33339b; font-family: "ArialNarrow-Bold","sans-serif"; font-size: 16.0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: ArialNarrow-Bold;">bar-code card</span></b></span></span></div>
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<span style="font-size: small;"><span style="font-family: "Helvetica Neue",Arial,Helvetica,sans-serif;"><span style="color: black;">A type of </span><b><span style="color: black; font-family: "Arial,Bold","sans-serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: "Arial\,Bold";">access control </span></b><span style="color: black;">card that uses an array of
machine readable bars and spaces to represent the encoded information such as
card number.</span></span></span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: normal; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0in; mso-layout-grid-align: none; text-autospace: none;">
<span style="font-size: small;"><span style="font-family: "Helvetica Neue",Arial,Helvetica,sans-serif;"><b><span style="color: #33339b; font-family: "ArialNarrow-Bold","sans-serif"; font-size: 16.0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: ArialNarrow-Bold;">barium ferrite card</span></b></span></span></div>
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<span style="font-size: small;"><span style="font-family: "Helvetica Neue",Arial,Helvetica,sans-serif;"><span style="color: black;">A type of </span><b><span style="color: black; font-family: "Arial,Bold","sans-serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: "Arial\,Bold";">access control </span></b><span style="color: black;">card that uses a pattern
of magnetic spots to store information; read by laying flat on a</span></span></span></div>
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<span style="font-size: small;"><span style="font-family: "Helvetica Neue",Arial,Helvetica,sans-serif;"><span style="color: black;">reader. Also called a
“magnetic spot card.”</span></span></span></div>
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<span style="font-size: small;"><span style="font-family: "Helvetica Neue",Arial,Helvetica,sans-serif;"><b><span style="color: #33339b; font-family: "ArialNarrow-Bold","sans-serif"; font-size: 16.0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: ArialNarrow-Bold;">biometric lock</span></b></span></span></div>
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<span style="font-size: small;"><span style="font-family: "Helvetica Neue",Arial,Helvetica,sans-serif;"><span style="color: black;">A lock that is controlled
by a biometric scanner, such as fingerprint, hand geometry, retina
identification, etc.</span></span></span></div>
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<span style="font-size: small;"><span style="font-family: "Helvetica Neue",Arial,Helvetica,sans-serif;"><b><span style="color: #33339b; font-family: "ArialNarrow-Bold","sans-serif"; font-size: 16.0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: ArialNarrow-Bold;">biometrics</span></b></span></span></div>
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<span style="font-size: small;"><span style="font-family: "Helvetica Neue",Arial,Helvetica,sans-serif;"><span style="color: black;">Establishing personal
identity verification using technology to measure a physical or behavioral
trait – for example, a fingerprint.</span></span></span></div>
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<span style="font-size: small;"><span style="font-family: "Helvetica Neue",Arial,Helvetica,sans-serif;"><b><span style="color: #33339b; font-family: "ArialNarrow-Bold","sans-serif"; font-size: 16.0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: ArialNarrow-Bold;">BOCA</span></b></span></span></div>
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<span style="font-size: small;"><span style="font-family: "Helvetica Neue",Arial,Helvetica,sans-serif;"><span style="color: black;">Building Officials and
Code Administration international</span></span></span></div>
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<span style="font-size: small;"><span style="font-family: "Helvetica Neue",Arial,Helvetica,sans-serif;"><b><span style="color: #33339b; font-family: "ArialNarrow-Bold","sans-serif"; font-size: 16.0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: ArialNarrow-Bold;">card reader</span></b></span></span></div>
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<span style="font-size: small;"><span style="font-family: "Helvetica Neue",Arial,Helvetica,sans-serif;"><span style="color: black;">A device which interprets
coding resident on or in a credential.</span></span></span></div>
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<span style="font-size: small;"><span style="font-family: "Helvetica Neue",Arial,Helvetica,sans-serif;"><b><span style="color: #33339b; font-family: "ArialNarrow-Bold","sans-serif"; font-size: 16.0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: ArialNarrow-Bold;">cipher lock</span></b></span></span></div>
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<span style="font-size: small;"><span style="font-family: "Helvetica Neue",Arial,Helvetica,sans-serif;"><span style="color: black;">A lock that is opened by
pressing its buttons in a specific sequence. It differs from a </span><span style="color: black; font-family: "Arial,Bold","sans-serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: "Arial\,Bold"; mso-bidi-font-weight: bold;">coded lock<b> </b></span><span style="color: black;">in that
it typically has only 4-5 buttons, and each button can only be pressed once.
The cipher lock was the mechanical precursor of today’s electronic coded lock
with a telephone-like keypad.</span></span></span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: normal; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0in; mso-layout-grid-align: none; text-autospace: none;">
<span style="font-size: small;"><span style="font-family: "Helvetica Neue",Arial,Helvetica,sans-serif;"><b><span style="color: #33339b; font-family: "ArialNarrow-Bold","sans-serif"; font-size: 16.0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: ArialNarrow-Bold;">coded lock</span></b></span></span></div>
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<span style="font-size: small;"><span style="font-family: "Helvetica Neue",Arial,Helvetica,sans-serif;"><span style="color: black;">A lock that is opened by
typing a code on a keypad.</span></span></span></div>
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<span style="font-size: small;"><span style="font-family: "Helvetica Neue",Arial,Helvetica,sans-serif;"><b><span style="color: #33339b; font-family: "ArialNarrow-Bold","sans-serif"; font-size: 16.0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: ArialNarrow-Bold;">contact smart card</span></b></span></span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: normal; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0in; mso-layout-grid-align: none; text-autospace: none;">
<span style="font-size: small;"><span style="font-family: "Helvetica Neue",Arial,Helvetica,sans-serif;"><span style="color: black;">A </span><span style="color: black; font-family: "Arial,Bold","sans-serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: "Arial\,Bold"; mso-bidi-font-weight: bold;">smart ca</span><span style="color: black;">rd that
must make contact with the reader. Compare with </span><span style="color: black; font-family: "Arial,Bold","sans-serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: "Arial\,Bold"; mso-bidi-font-weight: bold;">contactless smart card</span><span style="color: black;">.</span></span></span></div>
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<span style="font-size: small;"><span style="font-family: "Helvetica Neue",Arial,Helvetica,sans-serif;"><b><span style="color: #33339b; font-family: "ArialNarrow-Bold","sans-serif"; font-size: 16.0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: ArialNarrow-Bold;">contact </span></b></span></span></div>
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<span style="font-size: small;"><span style="font-family: "Helvetica Neue",Arial,Helvetica,sans-serif;">Electrically conductive points, or
sets of points, used to make or break an electrical circuit mechanically.</span></span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: normal; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0in; mso-layout-grid-align: none; text-autospace: none;">
<span style="font-size: small;"><span style="font-family: "Helvetica Neue",Arial,Helvetica,sans-serif;"><b><span style="color: #33339b; font-family: "ArialNarrow-Bold","sans-serif"; font-size: 16.0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: ArialNarrow-Bold;">contact rating</span></b></span></span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: normal; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0in; mso-layout-grid-align: none; text-autospace: none;">
<span style="font-size: small;"><span style="font-family: "Helvetica Neue",Arial,Helvetica,sans-serif;">Maximum load rating of a switch,
stated in voltage and/or current.</span></span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: normal; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0in; mso-layout-grid-align: none; text-autospace: none;">
<span style="font-size: small;"><span style="font-family: "Helvetica Neue",Arial,Helvetica,sans-serif;"><b><span style="color: #33339b; font-family: "ArialNarrow-Bold","sans-serif"; font-size: 16.0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: ArialNarrow-Bold;">contactless smart card</span></b></span></span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: normal; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0in; mso-layout-grid-align: none; text-autospace: none;">
<span style="font-size: small;"><span style="font-family: "Helvetica Neue",Arial,Helvetica,sans-serif;"><span style="color: black;">A </span><span style="color: black; font-family: "Arial,Bold","sans-serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: "Arial\,Bold"; mso-bidi-font-weight: bold;">smart card </span><span style="color: black;">that uses
</span><span style="color: black; font-family: "Arial,Bold","sans-serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: "Arial\,Bold"; mso-bidi-font-weight: bold;">RFID </span><span style="color: black;">technology
to enable its use without physical contact with the reader. Maximum distance
from the reader is either the </span><span style="color: black; font-family: "Arial,Bold","sans-serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: "Arial\,Bold"; mso-bidi-font-weight: bold;">proximity<b> </b></span><span style="color: black;">range (10 cm. / 4 inches) or the </span><span style="color: black; font-family: "Arial,Bold","sans-serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: "Arial\,Bold"; mso-bidi-font-weight: bold;">vicinity </span><span style="color: black;">range
(one meter / 3 feet) depending upon which of two RFID standards is used.</span></span></span></div>
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<span style="font-size: small;"><span style="font-family: "Helvetica Neue",Arial,Helvetica,sans-serif;"><b><span style="color: #33339b; font-family: "ArialNarrow-Bold","sans-serif"; font-size: 16.0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: ArialNarrow-Bold;">continuous duty</span></b></span></span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: normal; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0in; mso-layout-grid-align: none; text-autospace: none;">
<span style="font-size: small;"><span style="font-family: "Helvetica Neue",Arial,Helvetica,sans-serif;">Refers to a device or a control that
can operate continuously with no off or rest periods.</span></span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: normal; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0in; mso-layout-grid-align: none; text-autospace: none;">
<span style="font-size: small;"><span style="font-family: "Helvetica Neue",Arial,Helvetica,sans-serif;"><b><span style="color: #33339b; font-family: "ArialNarrow-Bold","sans-serif"; font-size: 16.0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: ArialNarrow-Bold;">credential</span></b></span></span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: normal; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0in; mso-layout-grid-align: none; text-autospace: none;">
<span style="font-size: small;"><span style="font-family: "Helvetica Neue",Arial,Helvetica,sans-serif;"><span style="color: black;">A medium that contains
encoded information, such as ID cards, key fobs, & smart chips</span></span></span></div>
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<span style="font-size: small;"><span style="font-family: "Helvetica Neue",Arial,Helvetica,sans-serif;"><b><span style="color: #33339b; font-family: "ArialNarrow-Bold","sans-serif"; font-size: 16.0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: ArialNarrow-Bold;">data0 (DO)</span></b></span></span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: normal; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0in; mso-layout-grid-align: none; text-autospace: none;">
<span style="font-size: small;"><span style="font-family: "Helvetica Neue",Arial,Helvetica,sans-serif;"><span style="color: black;">One of two data lines in
Wiegand communications. Data0 (D0) represents the binary”0”.</span></span></span></div>
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<span style="font-size: small;"><span style="font-family: "Helvetica Neue",Arial,Helvetica,sans-serif;"><b><span style="color: #33339b; font-family: "ArialNarrow-Bold","sans-serif"; font-size: 16.0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: ArialNarrow-Bold;">data1 (D1)</span></b></span></span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: normal; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0in; mso-layout-grid-align: none; text-autospace: none;">
<span style="font-size: small;"><span style="font-family: "Helvetica Neue",Arial,Helvetica,sans-serif;"><span style="color: black;">One of two data lines in
Wiegand communications. Data1 (D1) represents the binary”1”.</span></span></span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: normal; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0in; mso-layout-grid-align: none; text-autospace: none;">
<span style="font-size: small;"><span style="font-family: "Helvetica Neue",Arial,Helvetica,sans-serif;"><b><span style="color: #33339b; font-family: "ArialNarrow-Bold","sans-serif"; font-size: 16.0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: ArialNarrow-Bold;">decibel (db)</span></b></span></span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: normal; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0in; mso-layout-grid-align: none; text-autospace: none;">
<span style="font-size: small;"><span style="font-family: "Helvetica Neue",Arial,Helvetica,sans-serif;">An increment of measurement used to
compare measured levels of sound energy (intensity) to the apparent level
detected by the human ear. A sound that has 10 times the energy of another
sound is said to be 10 decibels louder; 100 times the energy is 20 decibels
louder; 1,000 times the energy is 30 decibels louder and so on. Decibel levels
are correctly expressed as the number of</span></span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: normal; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0in; mso-layout-grid-align: none; text-autospace: none;">
<span style="font-size: small;"><span style="font-family: "Helvetica Neue",Arial,Helvetica,sans-serif;">decibels at a measured distance from
the sourse of sound (for example, 125dB at 10 feet).</span></span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: normal; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0in; mso-layout-grid-align: none; text-autospace: none;">
<span style="font-size: small;"><span style="font-family: "Helvetica Neue",Arial,Helvetica,sans-serif;"><b><span style="color: #33339b; font-family: "ArialNarrow-Bold","sans-serif"; font-size: 16.0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: ArialNarrow-Bold;">delay on break</span></b></span></span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: normal; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0in; mso-layout-grid-align: none; text-autospace: none;">
<span style="font-size: small;"><span style="font-family: "Helvetica Neue",Arial,Helvetica,sans-serif;">A term used to describe a mode of
operation relative to timing devices. The delay begins when the initiate switch
is opened (delay on break of initiate switch)</span></span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: normal; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0in; mso-layout-grid-align: none; text-autospace: none;">
<span style="font-size: small;"><span style="font-family: "Helvetica Neue",Arial,Helvetica,sans-serif;"><b><span style="color: #33339b; font-family: "ArialNarrow-Bold","sans-serif"; font-size: 16.0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: ArialNarrow-Bold;">delayed egress</span></b></span></span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: normal; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0in; mso-layout-grid-align: none; text-autospace: none;">
<span style="font-size: small;"><span style="font-family: "Helvetica Neue",Arial,Helvetica,sans-serif;">An irreversible time delay built in
the locking device of an opening preventing immediate egress.</span></span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: normal; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0in; mso-layout-grid-align: none; text-autospace: none;">
<span style="font-size: small;"><span style="font-family: "Helvetica Neue",Arial,Helvetica,sans-serif;"><b><span style="color: #33339b; font-family: "ArialNarrow-Bold","sans-serif"; font-size: 16.0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: ArialNarrow-Bold;">DIP switch</span></b></span></span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: normal; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0in; mso-layout-grid-align: none; text-autospace: none;">
<span style="font-size: small;"><span style="font-family: "Helvetica Neue",Arial,Helvetica,sans-serif;">A miniature switch typically used to
program, set, or change circuit functions. DIP is an abbreviation for the
dual-in-line package which houses the switch.</span></span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: normal; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0in; mso-layout-grid-align: none; text-autospace: none;">
<span style="font-size: small;"><span style="font-family: "Helvetica Neue",Arial,Helvetica,sans-serif;"><b><span style="color: #33339b; font-family: "ArialNarrow-Bold","sans-serif"; font-size: 16.0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: ArialNarrow-Bold;">depth of security</span></b></span></span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: normal; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0in; mso-layout-grid-align: none; text-autospace: none;">
<span style="font-size: small;"><span style="font-family: "Helvetica Neue",Arial,Helvetica,sans-serif;"><span style="color: black;">Concentric perimeters of
security having different or increasingly stringent access methods. An inner
area is protected both by its own access methods and by those of the areas that
enclose it and must therefore be entered first.</span></span></span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: normal; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0in; mso-layout-grid-align: none; text-autospace: none;">
<span style="font-size: small;"><span style="font-family: "Helvetica Neue",Arial,Helvetica,sans-serif;"><b><span style="color: #33339b; font-family: "ArialNarrow-Bold","sans-serif"; font-size: 16.0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: ArialNarrow-Bold;">DIP switch</span></b></span></span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: normal; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0in; mso-layout-grid-align: none; text-autospace: none;">
<span style="font-size: small;"><span style="font-family: "Helvetica Neue",Arial,Helvetica,sans-serif;"><span style="color: black;">A device consisting of
miniature toggle switches in rows and numbered. It is intended to allow
electronic equipment users to change characteristics of the equipment.</span></span></span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: normal; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0in; mso-layout-grid-align: none; text-autospace: none;">
<span style="font-size: small;"><span style="font-family: "Helvetica Neue",Arial,Helvetica,sans-serif;"><b><span style="color: #33339b; font-family: "ArialNarrow-Bold","sans-serif"; font-size: 16.0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: ArialNarrow-Bold;">double pole/double throw</span></b></span></span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: normal; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0in; mso-layout-grid-align: none; text-autospace: none;">
<span style="font-size: small;"><span style="font-family: "Helvetica Neue",Arial,Helvetica,sans-serif;">A term used to describe a switch or
relay output contact form (2 form C) in which two separate switches are
operating simultaneously, each with a normally open and normally closed contact
and a common connection. This form is used to make and break two separate
circuits.</span></span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: normal; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0in; mso-layout-grid-align: none; text-autospace: none;">
<span style="font-size: small;"><span style="font-family: "Helvetica Neue",Arial,Helvetica,sans-serif;"><b><span style="color: #33339b; font-family: "ArialNarrow-Bold","sans-serif"; font-size: 16.0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: ArialNarrow-Bold;">dry contact</span></b></span></span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: normal; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0in; mso-layout-grid-align: none; text-autospace: none;">
<span style="font-size: small;"><span style="font-family: "Helvetica Neue",Arial,Helvetica,sans-serif;"><span style="color: black;">metallic points making
(shorting) or breaking (opening) a circuit.</span></span></span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: normal; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0in; mso-layout-grid-align: none; text-autospace: none;">
<span style="font-size: small;"><span style="font-family: "Helvetica Neue",Arial,Helvetica,sans-serif;"><b><span style="color: #33339b; font-family: "ArialNarrow-Bold","sans-serif"; font-size: 16.0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: ArialNarrow-Bold;">egress</span></b></span></span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: normal; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0in; mso-layout-grid-align: none; text-autospace: none;">
<span style="font-size: small;"><span style="font-family: "Helvetica Neue",Arial,Helvetica,sans-serif;">The act of going out<span style="font-family: "OfficinaSans-Book","sans-serif"; font-size: 10.0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: OfficinaSans-Book;">.</span></span></span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: normal; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0in; mso-layout-grid-align: none; text-autospace: none;">
<span style="font-size: small;"><span style="font-family: "Helvetica Neue",Arial,Helvetica,sans-serif;"><b><span style="color: #33339b; font-family: "ArialNarrow-Bold","sans-serif"; font-size: 16.0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: ArialNarrow-Bold;">encryption</span></b></span></span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: normal; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0in; mso-layout-grid-align: none; text-autospace: none;">
<span style="font-size: small;"><span style="font-family: "Helvetica Neue",Arial,Helvetica,sans-serif;"><span style="color: black;">The reversible
transformation of data from its original form to a format which is difficult to
interpret. This is a mechanism to protect the confidentiality and integrity of
the data and insure integrity. Encryption requires use of an algorithm and one
or more encryption keys.</span></span></span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: normal; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0in; mso-layout-grid-align: none; text-autospace: none;">
<span style="font-size: small;"><span style="font-family: "Helvetica Neue",Arial,Helvetica,sans-serif;"><b><span style="color: #33339b; font-family: "ArialNarrow-Bold","sans-serif"; font-size: 16.0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: ArialNarrow-Bold;">electric strike</span></b></span></span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: normal; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0in; mso-layout-grid-align: none; text-autospace: none;">
<span style="font-size: small;"><span style="font-family: "Helvetica Neue",Arial,Helvetica,sans-serif;">An electric door locking device
(usually solenoid-operated) that will unlock the door when electrical power is
applied to it. A fail-safe configuration will operate in the reverse condition
(i.e., normally locked when power is applied and unlocked when power is
interrupted.)</span></span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: normal; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0in; mso-layout-grid-align: none; text-autospace: none;">
<span style="font-size: small;"><span style="font-family: "Helvetica Neue",Arial,Helvetica,sans-serif;"><b><span style="color: #33339b; font-family: "ArialNarrow-Bold","sans-serif"; font-size: 16.0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: ArialNarrow-Bold;">electromagnet</span></b></span></span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: normal; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0in; mso-layout-grid-align: none; text-autospace: none;">
<span style="font-size: small;"><span style="font-family: "Helvetica Neue",Arial,Helvetica,sans-serif;">A coil of wire, usually wound on an
iron core, that produces a strong magnetic field when current is sent through
the coil.</span></span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: normal; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0in; mso-layout-grid-align: none; text-autospace: none;">
<span style="font-size: small;"><span style="font-family: "Helvetica Neue",Arial,Helvetica,sans-serif;"><b><span style="color: #33339b; font-family: "ArialNarrow-Bold","sans-serif"; font-size: 16.0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: ArialNarrow-Bold;">end of line resistor (EOL)</span></b></span></span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: normal; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0in; mso-layout-grid-align: none; text-autospace: none;">
<span style="font-size: small;"><span style="font-family: "Helvetica Neue",Arial,Helvetica,sans-serif;">Resistance in a supervised circuit,
usually at the farthest point from the alarm control unit, restricting the flow
of current to a known value which is monitored. Shorting the circuit in an
attempt to bypass protective devices in the loop (i.e., door contacts) will
create increased flow of current and cause an alarm. Opening (breaking) the
circuit also triggers an alarm if the system is armed, or a supervisory signal,
if the system is disarmed.</span></span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: normal; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0in; mso-layout-grid-align: none; text-autospace: none;">
<span style="font-size: small;"><span style="font-family: "Helvetica Neue",Arial,Helvetica,sans-serif;"><b><span style="color: #33339b; font-family: "ArialNarrow-Bold","sans-serif"; font-size: 16.0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: ArialNarrow-Bold;">facial geometry</span></b></span></span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: normal; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0in; mso-layout-grid-align: none; text-autospace: none;">
<span style="font-size: small;"><span style="font-family: "Helvetica Neue",Arial,Helvetica,sans-serif;"><span style="color: black;">One of the physical traits
that can be measured by biometric technology – the relative position of eyes,
nose, and mouth on the face.</span></span></span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: normal; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0in; mso-layout-grid-align: none; text-autospace: none;">
<span style="font-size: small;"><span style="font-family: "Helvetica Neue",Arial,Helvetica,sans-serif;"><b><span style="color: #33339b; font-family: "ArialNarrow-Bold","sans-serif"; font-size: 16.0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: ArialNarrow-Bold;">false acceptance</span></b></span></span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: normal; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0in; mso-layout-grid-align: none; text-autospace: none;">
<span style="font-size: small;"><span style="font-family: "Helvetica Neue",Arial,Helvetica,sans-serif;"><span style="color: black;">In biometric
identification, the erroneous result of identifying someone who isn’t in the
database of known people. It is one of two ways biometric identification can
fail; the other is </span><span style="color: black; font-family: "Arial,Bold","sans-serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: "Arial\,Bold"; mso-bidi-font-weight: bold;">false
rejection</span><span style="color: black;">.</span></span></span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: normal; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0in; mso-layout-grid-align: none; text-autospace: none;">
<span style="font-size: small;"><span style="font-family: "Helvetica Neue",Arial,Helvetica,sans-serif;"><b><span style="color: #33339b; font-family: "ArialNarrow-Bold","sans-serif"; font-size: 16.0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: ArialNarrow-Bold;">false rejection</span></b></span></span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: normal; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0in; mso-layout-grid-align: none; text-autospace: none;">
<span style="font-size: small;"><span style="font-family: "Helvetica Neue",Arial,Helvetica,sans-serif;"><span style="color: black;">In biometric
identification, the erroneous result of failure to recognize a known person. It
is one of two ways biometric identification can fail; the other is </span><span style="color: black; font-family: "Arial,Bold","sans-serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: "Arial\,Bold"; mso-bidi-font-weight: bold;">false acceptance</span><span style="color: black;">.</span></span></span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: normal; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0in; mso-layout-grid-align: none; text-autospace: none;">
<span style="font-size: small;"><span style="font-family: "Helvetica Neue",Arial,Helvetica,sans-serif;"><b><span style="color: #33339b; font-family: "ArialNarrow-Bold","sans-serif"; font-size: 16.0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: ArialNarrow-Bold;">FAR</span></b></span></span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: normal; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0in; mso-layout-grid-align: none; text-autospace: none;">
<span style="font-size: small;"><span style="font-family: "Helvetica Neue",Arial,Helvetica,sans-serif;"><i><span style="color: black; font-family: "Arial,Italic","sans-serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: "Arial\,Italic";">False Acceptance Rate. </span></i><span style="color: black;">For a
biometric device, the percentage of readings that are a </span><span style="color: black; font-family: "Arial,Bold","sans-serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: "Arial\,Bold"; mso-bidi-font-weight: bold;">false acceptance.</span></span></span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: normal; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0in; mso-layout-grid-align: none; text-autospace: none;">
<span style="font-size: small;"><span style="font-family: "Helvetica Neue",Arial,Helvetica,sans-serif;"><b><span style="color: #33339b; font-family: "ArialNarrow-Bold","sans-serif"; font-size: 16.0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: ArialNarrow-Bold;">fail-secure</span></b></span></span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: normal; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0in; mso-layout-grid-align: none; text-autospace: none;">
<span style="font-size: small;"><span style="font-family: "Helvetica Neue",Arial,Helvetica,sans-serif;"><span style="font-family: "ASSAVesta","sans-serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: ASSAVesta;">A
term used to describe an electric lock that has a mechanical state of being
locked and requires power to unlock it. Also known as </span><span style="font-family: "ASSAVesta-Bold","sans-serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: ASSAVesta-Bold; mso-bidi-font-weight: bold;">electrically unlocked</span><span style="font-family: "ASSAVesta","sans-serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: ASSAVesta;">.</span></span></span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: normal; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0in; mso-layout-grid-align: none; text-autospace: none;">
<span style="font-size: small;"><span style="font-family: "Helvetica Neue",Arial,Helvetica,sans-serif;"><b><span style="color: #33339b; font-family: "ArialNarrow-Bold","sans-serif"; font-size: 16.0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: ArialNarrow-Bold;">fail-safe</span></b></span></span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: normal; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0in; mso-layout-grid-align: none; text-autospace: none;">
<span style="font-size: small;"><span style="font-family: "Helvetica Neue",Arial,Helvetica,sans-serif;"><span style="font-family: "ASSAVesta","sans-serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: ASSAVesta;">A
term used to describe an electric lock that has a mechanical state of being
unlocked and requires power to lock it. Also known as </span><span style="font-family: "ASSAVesta-Bold","sans-serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: ASSAVesta-Bold; mso-bidi-font-weight: bold;">electrically locked</span></span></span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: normal; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0in; mso-layout-grid-align: none; text-autospace: none;">
<span style="font-size: small;"><span style="font-family: "Helvetica Neue",Arial,Helvetica,sans-serif;"><b><span style="color: #33339b; font-family: "ArialNarrow-Bold","sans-serif"; font-size: 16.0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: ArialNarrow-Bold;">FIPS</span></b></span></span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: normal; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0in; mso-layout-grid-align: none; text-autospace: none;">
<span style="font-size: small;"><span style="font-family: "Helvetica Neue",Arial,Helvetica,sans-serif;"><span style="color: black;">Federal information
processing standard</span></span></span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: normal; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0in; mso-layout-grid-align: none; text-autospace: none;">
<span style="font-size: small;"><span style="font-family: "Helvetica Neue",Arial,Helvetica,sans-serif;"><b><span style="color: #33339b; font-family: "ArialNarrow-Bold","sans-serif"; font-size: 16.0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: ArialNarrow-Bold;">FIPS201</span></b></span></span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: normal; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0in; mso-layout-grid-align: none; text-autospace: none;">
<span style="font-size: small;"><span style="font-family: "Helvetica Neue",Arial,Helvetica,sans-serif;"><span style="color: black;">Federal information
processing standard for personal identification verification (PIV)</span></span></span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: normal; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0in; mso-layout-grid-align: none; text-autospace: none;">
<span style="font-size: small;"><span style="font-family: "Helvetica Neue",Arial,Helvetica,sans-serif;"><b><span style="color: #33339b; font-family: "ArialNarrow-Bold","sans-serif"; font-size: 16.0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: ArialNarrow-Bold;">form C relay</span></b></span></span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: normal; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0in; mso-layout-grid-align: none; text-autospace: none;">
<span style="font-size: small;"><span style="font-family: "Helvetica Neue",Arial,Helvetica,sans-serif;"><span style="color: black;">A switch mechanism which
contains three terminal points: Open, Closed, Common.</span></span></span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: normal; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0in; mso-layout-grid-align: none; text-autospace: none;">
<span style="font-size: small;"><span style="font-family: "Helvetica Neue",Arial,Helvetica,sans-serif;"></span></span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: normal; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0in; mso-layout-grid-align: none; text-autospace: none;">
<span style="font-size: small;"><span style="font-family: "Helvetica Neue",Arial,Helvetica,sans-serif;"><b><span style="color: #33339b; font-family: "ArialNarrow-Bold","sans-serif"; font-size: 16.0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: ArialNarrow-Bold;">format</span></b></span></span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: normal; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0in; mso-layout-grid-align: none; text-autospace: none;">
<span style="font-size: small;"><span style="font-family: "Helvetica Neue",Arial,Helvetica,sans-serif;"><span style="color: black;">The way that the
information (parity bits, facility code and card #) is organized on the
credential.</span></span></span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: normal; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0in; mso-layout-grid-align: none; text-autospace: none;">
<span style="font-size: small;"><span style="font-family: "Helvetica Neue",Arial,Helvetica,sans-serif;"><b><span style="color: #33339b; font-family: "ArialNarrow-Bold","sans-serif"; font-size: 16.0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: ArialNarrow-Bold;">FRR</span></b></span></span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: normal; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0in; mso-layout-grid-align: none; text-autospace: none;">
<span style="font-size: small;"><span style="font-family: "Helvetica Neue",Arial,Helvetica,sans-serif;"><i><span style="color: black; font-family: "Arial,Italic","sans-serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: "Arial\,Italic";">False Rejection Rate. </span></i><span style="color: black;">For a
biometric device, the percentage of readings that are a </span><span style="color: black; font-family: "Arial,Bold","sans-serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: "Arial\,Bold"; mso-bidi-font-weight: bold;">false rejection</span><span style="color: black;">.</span></span></span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: normal; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0in; mso-layout-grid-align: none; text-autospace: none;">
<span style="font-size: small;"><span style="font-family: "Helvetica Neue",Arial,Helvetica,sans-serif;"><b><span style="color: #33339b; font-family: "ArialNarrow-Bold","sans-serif"; font-size: 16.0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: ArialNarrow-Bold;">gateway</span></b></span></span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: normal; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0in; mso-layout-grid-align: none; text-autospace: none;">
<span style="font-size: small;"><span style="font-family: "Helvetica Neue",Arial,Helvetica,sans-serif;"><span style="color: black;">A device for providing
isolation and control of the flow of information between a computer and
authenticated devices on the network.</span></span></span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: normal; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0in; mso-layout-grid-align: none; text-autospace: none;">
<span style="font-size: small;"><span style="font-family: "Helvetica Neue",Arial,Helvetica,sans-serif;"><b><span style="color: #33339b; font-family: "ArialNarrow-Bold","sans-serif"; font-size: 16.0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: ArialNarrow-Bold;">ground wire</span></b></span></span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: normal; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0in; mso-layout-grid-align: none; text-autospace: none;">
<span style="font-size: small;"><span style="font-family: "Helvetica Neue",Arial,Helvetica,sans-serif;"><span style="color: black;">An electrical conductor
that leads from a device to an earth ground connection.</span></span></span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: normal; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0in; mso-layout-grid-align: none; text-autospace: none;">
<span style="font-size: small;"><span style="font-family: "Helvetica Neue",Arial,Helvetica,sans-serif;"><b><span style="color: #33339b; font-family: "ArialNarrow-Bold","sans-serif"; font-size: 16.0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: ArialNarrow-Bold;">hand scan</span></b></span></span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: normal; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0in; mso-layout-grid-align: none; text-autospace: none;">
<span style="font-size: small;"><span style="font-family: "Helvetica Neue",Arial,Helvetica,sans-serif;"><span style="color: black;">A technique for biometric
identification that measures three-dimensional hand geometry – the shape of the
fingers and the thickness of the hand.</span></span></span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: normal; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0in; mso-layout-grid-align: none; text-autospace: none;">
<span style="font-size: small;"><span style="font-family: "Helvetica Neue",Arial,Helvetica,sans-serif;"><b><span style="color: #33339b; font-family: "ArialNarrow-Bold","sans-serif"; font-size: 16.0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: ArialNarrow-Bold;">hertz (Hz)</span></b></span></span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: normal; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0in; mso-layout-grid-align: none; text-autospace: none;">
<span style="font-size: small;"><span style="font-family: "Helvetica Neue",Arial,Helvetica,sans-serif;">The international unit of frequency
equal to one cycle per second; named after the German physicist Heinrich
Rudolph Hertz (1857-94).</span></span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: normal; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0in; mso-layout-grid-align: none; text-autospace: none;">
<span style="font-size: small;"><span style="font-family: "Helvetica Neue",Arial,Helvetica,sans-serif;"><b><span style="color: #33339b; font-family: "ArialNarrow-Bold","sans-serif"; font-size: 16.0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: ArialNarrow-Bold;">homerun</span></b></span></span></div>
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<span style="font-size: small;"><span style="font-family: "Helvetica Neue",Arial,Helvetica,sans-serif;"><span style="color: black;">A wiring method in which
each device has a separate wiring run to the control panel.</span></span></span></div>
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<span style="font-size: small;"><span style="font-family: "Helvetica Neue",Arial,Helvetica,sans-serif;"><b><span style="color: #33339b; font-family: "ArialNarrow-Bold","sans-serif"; font-size: 16.0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: ArialNarrow-Bold;">host computer</span></b></span></span></div>
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<span style="font-size: small;"><span style="font-family: "Helvetica Neue",Arial,Helvetica,sans-serif;"><span style="color: black;">A computer that primarily
provides services such as computation, data base access, or special programs
and/or services.</span></span></span></div>
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<span style="font-size: small;"><span style="font-family: "Helvetica Neue",Arial,Helvetica,sans-serif;"><b><span style="color: #33339b; font-family: "ArialNarrow-Bold","sans-serif"; font-size: 16.0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: ArialNarrow-Bold;">HSPD</span></b></span></span></div>
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<span style="font-size: small;"><span style="font-family: "Helvetica Neue",Arial,Helvetica,sans-serif;"><span style="color: black;">Homeland Security
Presidential Directive</span></span></span></div>
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<span style="font-size: small;"><span style="font-family: "Helvetica Neue",Arial,Helvetica,sans-serif;"><b><span style="color: #33339b; font-family: "ArialNarrow-Bold","sans-serif"; font-size: 16.0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: ArialNarrow-Bold;">HSPD12</span></b></span></span></div>
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<span style="font-size: small;"><span style="font-family: "Helvetica Neue",Arial,Helvetica,sans-serif;"><span style="color: black;">Homeland Security
Presidential Directive calling for a mandatory government-wide standard for
secure and reliable forms of ID issued by the federal government for access to
federally controlled facilities and networks..</span></span></span></div>
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<span style="font-size: small;"><span style="font-family: "Helvetica Neue",Arial,Helvetica,sans-serif;"><b><span style="color: #33339b; font-family: "ArialNarrow-Bold","sans-serif"; font-size: 16.0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: ArialNarrow-Bold;">iButton</span></b><span style="color: #33339b; font-family: "ArialNarrow","sans-serif"; font-size: 16.0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: ArialNarrow;">®</span></span></span></div>
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<span style="font-size: small;"><span style="font-family: "Helvetica Neue",Arial,Helvetica,sans-serif;"><span style="color: black;">A microchip similar to
those used in </span><span style="color: black; font-family: "Arial,Bold","sans-serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: "Arial\,Bold"; mso-bidi-font-weight: bold;">smart
cards<b> </b></span><span style="color: black;">but housed in a round stainless steel button about a half inch in
diameter, which can be attached to a key fob or jewelry. iButtons are extremely
rugged, but are not available with </span><b><span style="color: black; font-family: "Arial,Bold","sans-serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: "Arial\,Bold";">RFID </span></b><span style="color: black;">technology for contactless use.</span></span></span></div>
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<span style="font-size: small;"><span style="font-family: "Helvetica Neue",Arial,Helvetica,sans-serif;"><b><span style="color: #33339b; font-family: "ArialNarrow-Bold","sans-serif"; font-size: 16.0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: ArialNarrow-Bold;">IC</span></b></span></span></div>
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<span style="font-size: small;"><span style="font-family: "Helvetica Neue",Arial,Helvetica,sans-serif;"><span style="color: black;">Integrated circuit</span></span></span></div>
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<span style="font-size: small;"><span style="font-family: "Helvetica Neue",Arial,Helvetica,sans-serif;"><b><span style="color: #33339b; font-family: "ArialNarrow-Bold","sans-serif"; font-size: 16.0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: ArialNarrow-Bold;">IFPO</span></b></span></span></div>
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<span style="font-size: small;"><span style="font-family: "Helvetica Neue",Arial,Helvetica,sans-serif;"><i><span style="color: black; font-family: "Arial,Italic","sans-serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: "Arial\,Italic";">International Foundation for Protection Officers. </span></i><span style="color: black;">A
non-profit organization founded for the purpose of standardized training and
certification of protection officers. Its </span><i><span style="color: black; font-family: "Arial,Italic","sans-serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: "Arial\,Italic";">Security Supervisor Training Manual </span></i><span style="color: black;">is a reference
guide for protection officers and their employers.</span></span></span></div>
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<span style="font-size: small;"><span style="font-family: "Helvetica Neue",Arial,Helvetica,sans-serif;"><b><span style="color: #33339b; font-family: "ArialNarrow-Bold","sans-serif"; font-size: 16.0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: ArialNarrow-Bold;">I/O</span></b></span></span></div>
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<span style="font-size: small;"><span style="font-family: "Helvetica Neue",Arial,Helvetica,sans-serif;"><span style="color: black;">Input/output</span></span></span></div>
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<span style="font-size: small;"><span style="font-family: "Helvetica Neue",Arial,Helvetica,sans-serif;"><b><span style="color: #33339b; font-family: "ArialNarrow-Bold","sans-serif"; font-size: 16.0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: ArialNarrow-Bold;">infrared shadow card</span></b></span></span></div>
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<span style="font-size: small;"><span style="font-family: "Helvetica Neue",Arial,Helvetica,sans-serif;"><span style="color: black;">A type of </span><b><span style="color: black; font-family: "Arial,Bold","sans-serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: "Arial\,Bold";">access control </span></b><span style="color: black;">card that has a bar code
sandwiched between two layers of plastic. The reader passes infrared light
through the card, and the shadow of the bar code is read by sensors on the
other side.</span></span></span></div>
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<span style="font-size: small;"><span style="font-family: "Helvetica Neue",Arial,Helvetica,sans-serif;"><b><span style="color: #33339b; font-family: "ArialNarrow-Bold","sans-serif"; font-size: 16.0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: ArialNarrow-Bold;">induction </span></b></span></span></div>
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<span style="font-size: small;"><span style="font-family: "Helvetica Neue",Arial,Helvetica,sans-serif;">An influence exerted by a charged body
or by a magnetic field on neighboring bodies without apparent communication; electrifying,
magnetizing, or inducing voltage by exposure to a field.</span></span></div>
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<span style="font-size: small;"><span style="font-family: "Helvetica Neue",Arial,Helvetica,sans-serif;"><b><span style="color: #33339b; font-family: "ArialNarrow-Bold","sans-serif"; font-size: 16.0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: ArialNarrow-Bold;">inrush </span></b></span></span></div>
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<span style="font-size: small;"><span style="font-family: "Helvetica Neue",Arial,Helvetica,sans-serif;">The initial surge of current through a
load when power is first applied. Lamp loads, inductive motors, solenoids and
capacitive load types all have inrush or surge currents higher than the normal
running or steady state currents. Resistive loads, such as heater elements,
have no inrush.</span></span></div>
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<span style="font-size: small;"><span style="font-family: "Helvetica Neue",Arial,Helvetica,sans-serif;"><b><span style="color: #33339b; font-family: "ArialNarrow-Bold","sans-serif"; font-size: 16.0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: ArialNarrow-Bold;">interlock</span></b></span></span></div>
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<span style="font-size: small;"><span style="font-family: "Helvetica Neue",Arial,Helvetica,sans-serif;">A system of multiple doors with
controlled interaction. Interlocks are also known as lighttraps, airtraps,
mantraps and sally-ports. (See <span style="mso-bidi-font-style: italic;">safety
interlock, security interlock</span>.)</span></span></div>
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<span style="font-size: small;"><span style="font-family: "Helvetica Neue",Arial,Helvetica,sans-serif;"><b><span style="color: #33339b; font-family: "ArialNarrow-Bold","sans-serif"; font-size: 16.0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: ArialNarrow-Bold;">intermittent duty</span></b></span></span></div>
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<span style="font-size: small;"><span style="font-family: "Helvetica Neue",Arial,Helvetica,sans-serif;">A solenoid designed to be energized
for short periods of time. Continuous operation may damage an intermittent duty
solenoid.</span></span></div>
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<span style="font-size: small;"><span style="font-family: "Helvetica Neue",Arial,Helvetica,sans-serif;"><b><span style="color: #33339b; font-family: "ArialNarrow-Bold","sans-serif"; font-size: 16.0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: ArialNarrow-Bold;">iris scan</span></b></span></span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: normal; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0in; mso-layout-grid-align: none; text-autospace: none;">
<span style="font-size: small;"><span style="font-family: "Helvetica Neue",Arial,Helvetica,sans-serif;"><span style="color: black;">A technique for biometric
identification that maps the pattern of colors in the iris of the eye.</span></span></span></div>
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<span style="font-size: small;"><span style="font-family: "Helvetica Neue",Arial,Helvetica,sans-serif;"><b><span style="color: #33339b; font-family: "ArialNarrow-Bold","sans-serif"; font-size: 16.0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: ArialNarrow-Bold;">ISO-14443</span></b></span></span></div>
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<span style="font-size: small;"><span style="font-family: "Helvetica Neue",Arial,Helvetica,sans-serif;"><span style="color: black;">A series of international vendor
independent standards for proximity RFID that establishes guidelines for two
types of smart cards (A & B). The most common application requires a read
within 4 inches of the reader and includes Classic MIFARE, EV1, DESFire and
PIV.</span></span></span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: normal; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0in; mso-layout-grid-align: none; text-autospace: none;">
<span style="font-size: small;"><span style="font-family: "Helvetica Neue",Arial,Helvetica,sans-serif;"><b><span style="color: #33339b; font-family: "ArialNarrow-Bold","sans-serif"; font-size: 16.0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: ArialNarrow-Bold;">ISO-15693</span></b></span></span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: normal; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0in; mso-layout-grid-align: none; text-autospace: none;">
<span style="font-size: small;"><span style="font-family: "Helvetica Neue",Arial,Helvetica,sans-serif;"><span style="color: black;">A series of international vendor
independent standards for vicinity RFID that establishes guidelines for smart
cards that can read up to 1.5 meters. </span></span></span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: normal; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0in; mso-layout-grid-align: none; text-autospace: none;">
<span style="font-size: small;"><span style="font-family: "Helvetica Neue",Arial,Helvetica,sans-serif;"><b><span style="color: #33339b; font-family: "ArialNarrow-Bold","sans-serif"; font-size: 16.0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: ArialNarrow-Bold;">Keyfob</span></b></span></span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: normal; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0in; mso-layout-grid-align: none; text-autospace: none;">
<span style="font-size: small;"><span style="font-family: "Helvetica Neue",Arial,Helvetica,sans-serif;"><span style="color: black;">specific form factor of
credential that generally refers to a hard plastic disk that is carried on a
key chain.</span></span></span></div>
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<span style="font-size: small;"><span style="font-family: "Helvetica Neue",Arial,Helvetica,sans-serif;"><b><span style="color: #33339b; font-family: "ArialNarrow-Bold","sans-serif"; font-size: 16.0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: ArialNarrow-Bold;">LAN</span></b></span></span></div>
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<span style="font-size: small;"><span style="font-family: "Helvetica Neue",Arial,Helvetica,sans-serif;"><span style="color: black;">Local area network</span></span></span></div>
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<span style="font-size: small;"><span style="font-family: "Helvetica Neue",Arial,Helvetica,sans-serif;"><b><span style="color: #33339b; font-family: "ArialNarrow-Bold","sans-serif"; font-size: 16.0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: ArialNarrow-Bold;">levels of security</span></b></span></span></div>
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<span style="font-size: small;"><span style="font-family: "Helvetica Neue",Arial,Helvetica,sans-serif;"><span style="color: black;">The range of security
protection, low to high, provided at concentric perimeters – the least secure
at the outermost perimeter (such as entry to the building) and the most secure
at the innermost perimeter (such as access to a rack).</span></span></span></div>
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<span style="font-size: small;"><span style="font-family: "Helvetica Neue",Arial,Helvetica,sans-serif;"></span></span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: normal; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0in; mso-layout-grid-align: none; text-autospace: none;">
<span style="font-size: small;"><span style="font-family: "Helvetica Neue",Arial,Helvetica,sans-serif;"><b><span style="color: #33339b; font-family: "ArialNarrow-Bold","sans-serif"; font-size: 16.0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: ArialNarrow-Bold;">light emitting diode (LED)</span></b></span></span></div>
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<span style="font-size: small;"><span style="font-family: "Helvetica Neue",Arial,Helvetica,sans-serif;">A diode, a solid-state device, that
gives off virtually heatless colored light when electric current is passed
through it. LEDs are very efficient and long-lasting and are often used for
digital readouts and annunciators. Common colors include red, green and amber.</span></span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: normal; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0in; mso-layout-grid-align: none; text-autospace: none;">
<span style="font-size: small;"><span style="font-family: "Helvetica Neue",Arial,Helvetica,sans-serif;"><b><span style="color: #33339b; font-family: "ArialNarrow-Bold","sans-serif"; font-size: 16.0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: ArialNarrow-Bold;">line drop</span></b></span></span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: normal; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0in; mso-layout-grid-align: none; text-autospace: none;">
<span style="font-size: small;"><span style="font-family: "Helvetica Neue",Arial,Helvetica,sans-serif;">A voltage loss occurring between any
two points in a power or transmission line. Such loss, or drop, is due to the
resistance, reactance or leakage of the line.</span></span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: normal; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0in; mso-layout-grid-align: none; text-autospace: none;">
<span style="font-size: small;"><span style="font-family: "Helvetica Neue",Arial,Helvetica,sans-serif;"><b><span style="color: #33339b; font-family: "ArialNarrow-Bold","sans-serif"; font-size: 16.0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: ArialNarrow-Bold;">linking</span></b></span></span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: normal; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0in; mso-layout-grid-align: none; text-autospace: none;">
<span style="font-size: small;"><span style="font-family: "Helvetica Neue",Arial,Helvetica,sans-serif;"><span style="color: black;">When an input changes the
state of an output.</span></span></span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: normal; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0in; mso-layout-grid-align: none; text-autospace: none;">
<span style="font-size: small;"><span style="font-family: "Helvetica Neue",Arial,Helvetica,sans-serif;"><b><span style="color: #33339b; font-family: "ArialNarrow-Bold","sans-serif"; font-size: 16.0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: ArialNarrow-Bold;">macro</span></b></span></span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: normal; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0in; mso-layout-grid-align: none; text-autospace: none;">
<span style="font-size: small;"><span style="font-family: "Helvetica Neue",Arial,Helvetica,sans-serif;"><span style="color: black;">A defined set of actions
or commands that will be executed based on a trigger event.</span></span></span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: normal; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0in; mso-layout-grid-align: none; text-autospace: none;">
<span style="font-size: small;"><span style="font-family: "Helvetica Neue",Arial,Helvetica,sans-serif;"><b><span style="color: #33339b; font-family: "ArialNarrow-Bold","sans-serif"; font-size: 16.0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: ArialNarrow-Bold;">magnetic stripe card or magstripe card</span></b></span></span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: normal; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0in; mso-layout-grid-align: none; text-autospace: none;">
<span style="font-size: small;"><span style="font-family: "Helvetica Neue",Arial,Helvetica,sans-serif;"><span style="color: black;">A type of </span><b><span style="color: black; font-family: "Arial,Bold","sans-serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: "Arial\,Bold";">access control </span></b><span style="color: black;">card that uses a magnetic
strip to store information; read by inserting or swiping through a reader.</span></span></span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: normal; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0in; mso-layout-grid-align: none; text-autospace: none;">
<span style="font-size: small;"><span style="font-family: "Helvetica Neue",Arial,Helvetica,sans-serif;"><b><span style="color: #33339b; font-family: "ArialNarrow-Bold","sans-serif"; font-size: 16.0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: ArialNarrow-Bold;">manageable device</span></b></span></span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: normal; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0in; mso-layout-grid-align: none; text-autospace: none;">
<span style="font-size: small;"><span style="font-family: "Helvetica Neue",Arial,Helvetica,sans-serif;"><span style="color: black;">Able to be monitored and
controlled remotely. Manageable </span><span style="color: black; font-family: "Arial,Bold","sans-serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: "Arial\,Bold"; mso-bidi-font-weight: bold;">access control </span><span style="color: black;">devices
can communicate with a remote management system for </span><i><span style="color: black; font-family: "Arial,Italic","sans-serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: "Arial\,Italic";">monitoring </span></i><span style="color: black;">(who’s coming and going and
when), </span><i><span style="color: black; font-family: "Arial,Italic","sans-serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: "Arial\,Italic";">control </span></i><span style="color: black;">(configuring
the device to allow access to certain people at certain times), and </span><i><span style="color: black; font-family: "Arial,Italic","sans-serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: "Arial\,Italic";">alarm </span></i><span style="color: black;">(notification of repeated
unsuccessful access attempts or device failure).</span></span></span></div>
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<span style="font-size: small;"><span style="font-family: "Helvetica Neue",Arial,Helvetica,sans-serif;"><b><span style="color: #33339b; font-family: "ArialNarrow-Bold","sans-serif"; font-size: 16.0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: ArialNarrow-Bold;">mantrap</span></b></span></span></div>
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<span style="font-size: small;"><span style="font-family: "Helvetica Neue",Arial,Helvetica,sans-serif;"><span style="color: black;">An airlock-style
arrangement having secured doors for entry and exit, with room for only one
person between the doors. It is a solution to the security loophole called </span><span style="color: black; font-family: "Arial,Bold","sans-serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: "Arial\,Bold"; mso-bidi-font-weight: bold;">piggybacking </span><span style="color: black;">or </span><span style="color: black; font-family: "Arial,Bold","sans-serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: "Arial\,Bold"; mso-bidi-font-weight: bold;">tailgating</span><span style="color: black;">, in
which an unauthorized person freely passes a security checkpoint by following
an authorized person through an open door.</span></span></span></div>
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<span style="font-size: small;"><span style="font-family: "Helvetica Neue",Arial,Helvetica,sans-serif;"><b><span style="color: #33339b; font-family: "ArialNarrow-Bold","sans-serif"; font-size: 16.0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: ArialNarrow-Bold;">masking</span></b></span></span></div>
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<span style="font-size: small;"><span style="font-family: "Helvetica Neue",Arial,Helvetica,sans-serif;"><span style="color: black;">Hiding or suppressing
alarms which do not need to be viewed.</span></span></span></div>
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<span style="font-size: small;"><span style="font-family: "Helvetica Neue",Arial,Helvetica,sans-serif;"><b><span style="color: #33339b; font-family: "ArialNarrow-Bold","sans-serif"; font-size: 16.0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: ArialNarrow-Bold;">meantime-between-failure</span></b></span></span></div>
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<span style="font-size: small;"><span style="font-family: "Helvetica Neue",Arial,Helvetica,sans-serif;"><span style="color: black;">A prediction of the time
interval between system failures. Should be measured in thousands of
hours/possibly years.</span></span></span></div>
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<span style="font-size: small;"><span style="font-family: "Helvetica Neue",Arial,Helvetica,sans-serif;"><b><span style="color: #33339b; font-family: "ArialNarrow-Bold","sans-serif"; font-size: 16.0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: ArialNarrow-Bold;">MIFARE</span></b><span style="color: #33339b; font-family: "ArialNarrow","sans-serif"; font-size: 16.0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: ArialNarrow;">®</span></span></span></div>
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<span style="font-size: small;"><span style="font-family: "Helvetica Neue",Arial,Helvetica,sans-serif;"><span style="color: black;">A contactless and dual
smart card chip technology produced by NXP that is fully compliant with
ISO-14443.</span></span></span></div>
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<span style="font-size: small;"><span style="font-family: "Helvetica Neue",Arial,Helvetica,sans-serif;"><b><span style="color: #33339b; font-family: "ArialNarrow-Bold","sans-serif"; font-size: 16.0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: ArialNarrow-Bold;">mission critical facility</span></b></span></span></div>
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<span style="font-size: small;"><span style="font-family: "Helvetica Neue",Arial,Helvetica,sans-serif;"><span style="color: black;">A facility that must
operate 24/7/365 regardless of availability of power/water/fuel/etc. Examples
would be corporate data center, 911 dispatch, military facilities. </span></span></span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: normal; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0in; mso-layout-grid-align: none; text-autospace: none;">
<span style="font-size: small;"><span style="font-family: "Helvetica Neue",Arial,Helvetica,sans-serif;"><b><span style="color: #33339b; font-family: "ArialNarrow-Bold","sans-serif"; font-size: 16.0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: ArialNarrow-Bold;">multi-technology credential</span></b></span></span></div>
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<span style="font-size: small;"><span style="font-family: "Helvetica Neue",Arial,Helvetica,sans-serif;"><span style="color: black;">A credential that contains
two or more technologies (i.e. proximity, smart card, magnetic stripe).</span></span></span></div>
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<span style="font-size: small;"><span style="font-family: "Helvetica Neue",Arial,Helvetica,sans-serif;"><b><span style="color: #33339b; font-family: "ArialNarrow-Bold","sans-serif"; font-size: 16.0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: ArialNarrow-Bold;">multi-technology reader</span></b></span></span></div>
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<span style="font-size: small;"><span style="font-family: "Helvetica Neue",Arial,Helvetica,sans-serif;"><span style="color: black;">A reader with the
capability to read two or more card technologies (i.e. proximity, smart card,
magnetic stripe).</span></span></span></div>
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<span style="font-size: small;"><span style="font-family: "Helvetica Neue",Arial,Helvetica,sans-serif;"><b><span style="color: #33339b; font-family: "ArialNarrow-Bold","sans-serif"; font-size: 16.0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: ArialNarrow-Bold;">NCPI</span></b></span></span></div>
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<span style="font-size: small;"><span style="font-family: "Helvetica Neue",Arial,Helvetica,sans-serif;"><i><span style="color: black; font-family: "Arial,Italic","sans-serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: "Arial\,Italic";">Network-Critical Physical Infrastructure. </span></i><span style="color: black;">Elements
of a data center’s </span><i><span style="color: black; font-family: "Arial,Italic","sans-serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: "Arial\,Italic";">physical </span></i><span style="color: black;">infrastructure
(as distinguished from IT infrastructure such as routers and storage managers)
that contribute directly to </span><span style="color: black; font-family: "Arial,Bold","sans-serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: "Arial\,Bold"; mso-bidi-font-weight: bold;">availability </span><span style="color: black;">by ensuring uninterrupted
operation. NCPI includes power, cooling, fire suppression, and </span><span style="color: black; font-family: "Arial,Bold","sans-serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: "Arial\,Bold"; mso-bidi-font-weight: bold;">physical security</span><span style="color: black;">.</span></span></span></div>
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<span style="font-size: small;"><span style="font-family: "Helvetica Neue",Arial,Helvetica,sans-serif;"><b><span style="color: #33339b; font-family: "ArialNarrow-Bold","sans-serif"; font-size: 16.0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: ArialNarrow-Bold;">NEC</span></b></span></span></div>
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<span style="font-size: small;"><span style="font-family: "Helvetica Neue",Arial,Helvetica,sans-serif;"><span style="color: black;">National Electrical Code</span></span></span></div>
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<span style="font-size: small;"><span style="font-family: "Helvetica Neue",Arial,Helvetica,sans-serif;"><b><span style="color: #33339b; font-family: "ArialNarrow-Bold","sans-serif"; font-size: 16.0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: ArialNarrow-Bold;">need to know</span></b></span></span></div>
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<span style="font-size: small;"><span style="font-family: "Helvetica Neue",Arial,Helvetica,sans-serif;"><span style="color: black;">A very high level of
security, with access restricted to people who have a specific, immediate need
to be in the secured area (for access to particular data, for example), with
access only allowed for the time period during which that need exists.</span></span></span></div>
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<span style="font-size: small;"><span style="font-family: "Helvetica Neue",Arial,Helvetica,sans-serif;"><b><span style="color: #33339b; font-family: "ArialNarrow-Bold","sans-serif"; font-size: 16.0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: ArialNarrow-Bold;">NIC</span></b></span></span></div>
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<span style="font-size: small;"><span style="font-family: "Helvetica Neue",Arial,Helvetica,sans-serif;"><span style="color: black;">Network interface card</span></span></span></div>
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<span style="font-size: small;"><span style="font-family: "Helvetica Neue",Arial,Helvetica,sans-serif;"><b><span style="color: #33339b; font-family: "ArialNarrow-Bold","sans-serif"; font-size: 16.0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: ArialNarrow-Bold;">NO/NC</span></b></span></span></div>
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<span style="font-size: small;"><span style="font-family: "Helvetica Neue",Arial,Helvetica,sans-serif;"><span style="color: black;">Normally open/normally
closed, refers to the normal circuit state of a switch/relay</span></span></span></div>
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<span style="font-size: small;"><span style="font-family: "Helvetica Neue",Arial,Helvetica,sans-serif;"><b><span style="color: #33339b; font-family: "ArialNarrow-Bold","sans-serif"; font-size: 16.0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: ArialNarrow-Bold;">OHM</span></b></span></span></div>
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<span style="font-size: small;"><span style="font-family: "Helvetica Neue",Arial,Helvetica,sans-serif;"><span style="color: black;">Unit of electrical
resistance. One OHM is the resistance which allows one ampere of current to
flow through a conductor at one volt.</span></span></span></div>
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<span style="font-size: small;"><span style="font-family: "Helvetica Neue",Arial,Helvetica,sans-serif;"><b><span style="color: #33339b; font-family: "ArialNarrow-Bold","sans-serif"; font-size: 16.0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: ArialNarrow-Bold;">PAC</span></b></span></span></div>
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<span style="font-size: small;"><span style="font-family: "Helvetica Neue",Arial,Helvetica,sans-serif;"><i><span style="color: black; font-family: "Arial,Italic","sans-serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: "Arial\,Italic";">Personal Access Code. </span></i><span style="color: black;">Another
name for PIN (Personal Identification Number) – a code or password that identifies
a user at an </span><span style="color: black; font-family: "Arial,Bold","sans-serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: "Arial\,Bold"; mso-bidi-font-weight: bold;">access
point</span><span style="color: black;">.</span></span></span></div>
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<span style="font-size: small;"><span style="font-family: "Helvetica Neue",Arial,Helvetica,sans-serif;"><b><span style="color: #33339b; font-family: "ArialNarrow-Bold","sans-serif"; font-size: 16.0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: ArialNarrow-Bold;">PIN</span></b></span></span></div>
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<span style="font-size: small;"><span style="font-family: "Helvetica Neue",Arial,Helvetica,sans-serif;"><span style="color: black;">A code or password that identifies
a user at an </span><span style="color: black; font-family: "Arial,Bold","sans-serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: "Arial\,Bold"; mso-bidi-font-weight: bold;">access
point</span><span style="color: black;">.</span></span></span></div>
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<span style="font-size: small;"><span style="font-family: "Helvetica Neue",Arial,Helvetica,sans-serif;"><b><span style="color: #33339b; font-family: "ArialNarrow-Bold","sans-serif"; font-size: 16.0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: ArialNarrow-Bold;">PIV</span></b></span></span></div>
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<span style="font-size: small;"><span style="font-family: "Helvetica Neue",Arial,Helvetica,sans-serif;"><span style="color: black;">Personal identification
verification </span></span></span></div>
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<span style="font-size: small;"><span style="font-family: "Helvetica Neue",Arial,Helvetica,sans-serif;"><b><span style="color: #33339b; font-family: "ArialNarrow-Bold","sans-serif"; font-size: 16.0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: ArialNarrow-Bold;">physical security</span></b></span></span></div>
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<span style="font-size: small;"><span style="font-family: "Helvetica Neue",Arial,Helvetica,sans-serif;"><span style="color: black;">Protecting physical
facilities from accidents or sabotage caused by the presence of unauthorized or
ill-intentioned people. A physical security system includes </span><span style="color: black; font-family: "Arial,Bold","sans-serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: "Arial\,Bold"; mso-bidi-font-weight: bold;">access control<b> </b></span><span style="color: black;">devices
for automated screening at entry points, plus a sensor-based alarm system.
Additional protection may include camera surveillance and security guards. </span></span></span></div>
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<span style="font-size: small;"><span style="font-family: "Helvetica Neue",Arial,Helvetica,sans-serif;"><b><span style="color: #33339b; font-family: "ArialNarrow-Bold","sans-serif"; font-size: 16.0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: ArialNarrow-Bold;">piggybacking</span></b></span></span></div>
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<span style="font-size: small;"><span style="font-family: "Helvetica Neue",Arial,Helvetica,sans-serif;"><span style="color: black;">The security breach that
occurs when an authorized person, having unlocked a door using legitimate
credentials, holds the door open for an unauthorized person to follow through
the checkpoint with no credentials. (A similar breach is </span><span style="color: black; font-family: "Arial,Bold","sans-serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: "Arial\,Bold"; mso-bidi-font-weight: bold;">tailgating</span><span style="color: black;">, where
the unauthorized user slips through undetected behind the authorized user.)</span></span></span></div>
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<span style="font-size: small;"><span style="font-family: "Helvetica Neue",Arial,Helvetica,sans-serif;"><b><span style="color: #33339b; font-family: "ArialNarrow-Bold","sans-serif"; font-size: 16.0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: ArialNarrow-Bold;">proximity credential or prox card</span></b></span></span></div>
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<span style="font-size: small;"><span style="font-family: "Helvetica Neue",Arial,Helvetica,sans-serif;"><span style="color: black;">An </span><span style="color: black; font-family: "Arial,Bold","sans-serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: "Arial\,Bold"; mso-bidi-font-weight: bold;">access control<b> </b></span><span style="color: black;">card that
has an onboard </span><span style="color: black; font-family: "Arial,Bold","sans-serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: "Arial\,Bold"; mso-bidi-font-weight: bold;">RFID </span><span style="color: black;">transmitter/receiver,
allowing it to communicate with a reader from a distance of up to one meter (3
feet). Typically 125KHz frequency.</span></span></span></div>
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<span style="font-size: small;"><span style="font-family: "Helvetica Neue",Arial,Helvetica,sans-serif;"></span></span></div>
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<span style="font-size: small;"><span style="font-family: "Helvetica Neue",Arial,Helvetica,sans-serif;"></span></span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: normal; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0in; mso-layout-grid-align: none; text-autospace: none;">
<span style="font-size: small;"><span style="font-family: "Helvetica Neue",Arial,Helvetica,sans-serif;"><b><span style="color: #33339b; font-family: "ArialNarrow-Bold","sans-serif"; font-size: 16.0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: ArialNarrow-Bold;">proximity smart card</span></b></span></span></div>
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<span style="font-size: small;"><span style="font-family: "Helvetica Neue",Arial,Helvetica,sans-serif;"><span style="color: black;">A </span><span style="color: black; font-family: "Arial,Bold","sans-serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: "Arial\,Bold"; mso-bidi-font-weight: bold;">smart card </span><span style="color: black;">that has </span><span style="color: black; font-family: "Arial,Bold","sans-serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: "Arial\,Bold"; mso-bidi-font-weight: bold;">RFID </span><span style="color: black;">technology
in its chip, so that it can communicate with the reader from a distance of up
to 10 cm. (4 inches). Also called a </span><span style="color: black; font-family: "Arial,Bold","sans-serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: "Arial\,Bold"; mso-bidi-font-weight: bold;">contactless smart card</span><span style="color: black;">.
Typically 13.58MHz frequency.</span></span></span></div>
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<span style="font-size: small;"><span style="font-family: "Helvetica Neue",Arial,Helvetica,sans-serif;"><b><span style="color: #33339b; font-family: "ArialNarrow-Bold","sans-serif"; font-size: 16.0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: ArialNarrow-Bold;">rectifier</span></b></span></span></div>
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<span style="font-size: small;"><span style="font-family: "Helvetica Neue",Arial,Helvetica,sans-serif;"><span style="color: black;">A solid state electrical
device that will allow current to flow in one direction. It is designed to
convert AC current to DC current.</span></span></span></div>
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<span style="font-size: small;"><span style="font-family: "Helvetica Neue",Arial,Helvetica,sans-serif;"><b><span style="color: #33339b; font-family: "ArialNarrow-Bold","sans-serif"; font-size: 16.0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: ArialNarrow-Bold;">relay</span></b></span></span></div>
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<span style="font-size: small;"><span style="font-family: "Helvetica Neue",Arial,Helvetica,sans-serif;"><span style="color: black;">An electrically controlled
device that opens and/or closes electrical contacts.</span></span></span></div>
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<span style="font-size: small;"><span style="font-family: "Helvetica Neue",Arial,Helvetica,sans-serif;"><b><span style="color: #33339b; font-family: "ArialNarrow-Bold","sans-serif"; font-size: 16.0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: ArialNarrow-Bold;">resistor</span></b></span></span></div>
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<span style="font-size: small;"><span style="font-family: "Helvetica Neue",Arial,Helvetica,sans-serif;"><span style="color: black;">An electrical component
that provides a defined amount of resistance.</span></span></span></div>
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<span style="font-size: small;"><span style="font-family: "Helvetica Neue",Arial,Helvetica,sans-serif;"><b><span style="color: #33339b; font-family: "ArialNarrow-Bold","sans-serif"; font-size: 16.0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: ArialNarrow-Bold;">retinal scan</span></b></span></span></div>
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<span style="font-size: small;"><span style="font-family: "Helvetica Neue",Arial,Helvetica,sans-serif;"><span style="color: black;">A technique for biometric
identification that maps the pattern of blood vessels in the retina of the eye.</span></span></span></div>
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<span style="font-size: small;"><span style="font-family: "Helvetica Neue",Arial,Helvetica,sans-serif;"><b><span style="color: #33339b; font-family: "ArialNarrow-Bold","sans-serif"; font-size: 16.0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: ArialNarrow-Bold;">REX</span></b></span></span></div>
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<span style="font-size: small;"><span style="font-family: "Helvetica Neue",Arial,Helvetica,sans-serif;"><span style="color: black;">A request-to-exit device
used as an input on an access control system to signal authorized egress.</span></span></span></div>
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<span style="font-size: small;"><span style="font-family: "Helvetica Neue",Arial,Helvetica,sans-serif;"><b><span style="color: #33339b; font-family: "ArialNarrow-Bold","sans-serif"; font-size: 16.0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: ArialNarrow-Bold;">RFID</span></b></span></span></div>
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<span style="font-size: small;"><span style="font-family: "Helvetica Neue",Arial,Helvetica,sans-serif;"><i><span style="color: black; font-family: "Arial,Italic","sans-serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: "Arial\,Italic";">Radio frequency identification</span></i><span style="color: black;">.
Communication between card and reader without physical contact. RFID technology
is what makes </span><span style="color: black; font-family: "Arial,Bold","sans-serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: "Arial\,Bold"; mso-bidi-font-weight: bold;">proximity
cards</span><span style="color: black;">, </span><span style="color: black; font-family: "Arial,Bold","sans-serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: "Arial\,Bold"; mso-bidi-font-weight: bold;">vicinity
cards</span><span style="color: black;">, and </span><span style="color: black; font-family: "Arial,Bold","sans-serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: "Arial\,Bold"; mso-bidi-font-weight: bold;">contactless
smart cards<b> </b></span><span style="color: black;">work. The RFID chip is powered by an electromagnetic field from
the reader.</span></span></span></div>
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<span style="font-size: small;"><span style="font-family: "Helvetica Neue",Arial,Helvetica,sans-serif;"><b><span style="color: #33339b; font-family: "ArialNarrow-Bold","sans-serif"; font-size: 16.0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: ArialNarrow-Bold;">safety interlock</span></b></span></span></div>
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<span style="font-size: small;"><span style="font-family: "Helvetica Neue",Arial,Helvetica,sans-serif;"><span style="color: black;">A multidoor system in
which all doors are normally closed and unlocked. Opening any door will lock
all other doors</span></span></span></div>
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<span style="font-size: small;"><span style="font-family: "Helvetica Neue",Arial,Helvetica,sans-serif;"><b><span style="color: #33339b; font-family: "ArialNarrow-Bold","sans-serif"; font-size: 16.0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: ArialNarrow-Bold;">security interlock</span></b></span></span></div>
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<span style="font-size: small;"><span style="font-family: "Helvetica Neue",Arial,Helvetica,sans-serif;"><span style="color: black;">A multidoor system in
which all doors are normally closed and locked. Opening any door will will
disable the door releases of all other doors.</span></span></span></div>
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<span style="font-size: small;"><span style="font-family: "Helvetica Neue",Arial,Helvetica,sans-serif;"><b><span style="color: #33339b; font-family: "ArialNarrow-Bold","sans-serif"; font-size: 16.0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: ArialNarrow-Bold;">SDK</span></b></span></span></div>
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<span style="font-size: small;"><span style="font-family: "Helvetica Neue",Arial,Helvetica,sans-serif;"><span style="color: black;">Software Development kit</span></span></span></div>
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<span style="font-size: small;"><span style="font-family: "Helvetica Neue",Arial,Helvetica,sans-serif;"><b><span style="color: #33339b; font-family: "ArialNarrow-Bold","sans-serif"; font-size: 16.0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: ArialNarrow-Bold;">Shunt</span></b></span></span></div>
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<span style="font-size: small;"><span style="font-family: "Helvetica Neue",Arial,Helvetica,sans-serif;"><span style="color: black;">Length of time that an
input will be masked. </span></span></span></div>
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<span style="font-size: small;"><span style="font-family: "Helvetica Neue",Arial,Helvetica,sans-serif;"><b><span style="color: #33339b; font-family: "ArialNarrow-Bold","sans-serif"; font-size: 16.0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: ArialNarrow-Bold;">single pole/double throw (SPDT)</span></b></span></span></div>
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<span style="font-size: small;"><span style="font-family: "Helvetica Neue",Arial,Helvetica,sans-serif;">A term used to describe a switch or
relay contact form (1 form C) that has a normally open and a normally closed
contact with a common connection<span style="font-family: "OfficinaSans-Book","sans-serif"; font-size: 10.0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: OfficinaSans-Book;">.</span></span></span></div>
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<span style="font-size: small;"><span style="font-family: "Helvetica Neue",Arial,Helvetica,sans-serif;"><b><span style="color: #33339b; font-family: "ArialNarrow-Bold","sans-serif"; font-size: 16.0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: ArialNarrow-Bold;">single pole/single throw (SPST)</span></b></span></span></div>
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<span style="font-size: small;"><span style="font-family: "Helvetica Neue",Arial,Helvetica,sans-serif;">A switch with only one moving and one
stationary contact, available either normally open (NO) or normally closed
(NC).</span></span></div>
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<span style="font-size: small;"><span style="font-family: "Helvetica Neue",Arial,Helvetica,sans-serif;"></span></span></div>
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<span style="font-size: small;"><span style="font-family: "Helvetica Neue",Arial,Helvetica,sans-serif;"></span></span></div>
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<span style="font-size: small;"><span style="font-family: "Helvetica Neue",Arial,Helvetica,sans-serif;"></span></span></div>
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<span style="font-size: small;"><span style="font-family: "Helvetica Neue",Arial,Helvetica,sans-serif;"><b><span style="color: #33339b; font-family: "ArialNarrow-Bold","sans-serif"; font-size: 16.0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: ArialNarrow-Bold;">smart card</span></b></span></span></div>
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<span style="font-size: small;"><span style="font-family: "Helvetica Neue",Arial,Helvetica,sans-serif;"><span style="color: black;">A type of </span><span style="color: black; font-family: "Arial,Bold","sans-serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: "Arial\,Bold"; mso-bidi-font-weight: bold;">access control </span><span style="color: black;">card that
stores information in a microchip. The chip not only stores data, but can perform
computation and exchange data with the reader. It is read by touching the card
to the reader so that the electrical contacts line up. See also </span><span style="color: black; font-family: "Arial,Bold","sans-serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: "Arial\,Bold"; mso-bidi-font-weight: bold;">contactless smart card</span><span style="color: black;">.</span></span></span></div>
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<span style="font-size: small;"><span style="font-family: "Helvetica Neue",Arial,Helvetica,sans-serif;"><b><span style="color: #33339b; font-family: "ArialNarrow-Bold","sans-serif"; font-size: 16.0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: ArialNarrow-Bold;">smart media</span></b></span></span></div>
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<span style="font-size: small;"><span style="font-family: "Helvetica Neue",Arial,Helvetica,sans-serif;"><span style="color: black;">Small objects of any shape
that contain the same type of chip used in a </span><span style="color: black; font-family: "Arial,Bold","sans-serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: "Arial\,Bold"; mso-bidi-font-weight: bold;">smart card</span><span style="color: black;">. Smart media are
typically small objects (</span><span style="color: black; font-family: "Arial,Bold","sans-serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: "Arial\,Bold"; mso-bidi-font-weight: bold;">tokens</span><span style="color: black;">) that
can be attached to a key ring or worn as jewelry.</span></span></span></div>
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<span style="font-size: small;"><span style="font-family: "Helvetica Neue",Arial,Helvetica,sans-serif;"><b><span style="color: #33339b; font-family: "ArialNarrow-Bold","sans-serif"; font-size: 16.0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: ArialNarrow-Bold;">social engineering</span></b></span></span></div>
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<span style="font-size: small;"><span style="font-family: "Helvetica Neue",Arial,Helvetica,sans-serif;"><span style="color: black;">The use of ordinary guile
and deceit to con people into relaxing security procedures – for example, such
as revealing passwords, lending keys, or opening doors.</span></span></span></div>
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<span style="font-size: small;"><span style="font-family: "Helvetica Neue",Arial,Helvetica,sans-serif;"><b><span style="color: #33339b; font-family: "ArialNarrow-Bold","sans-serif"; font-size: 16.0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: ArialNarrow-Bold;">switch, maintained</span></b></span></span></div>
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<span style="font-size: small;"><span style="font-family: "Helvetica Neue",Arial,Helvetica,sans-serif;">A switch that, when activated,
maintains its activated position until it is</span></span></div>
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<span style="font-size: small;"><span style="font-family: "Helvetica Neue",Arial,Helvetica,sans-serif;">unactivated.</span></span></div>
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<span style="font-size: small;"><span style="font-family: "Helvetica Neue",Arial,Helvetica,sans-serif;"><b><span style="color: #33339b; font-family: "ArialNarrow-Bold","sans-serif"; font-size: 16.0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: ArialNarrow-Bold;">Switch, momentary</span></b></span></span></div>
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<span style="font-size: small;"><span style="font-family: "Helvetica Neue",Arial,Helvetica,sans-serif;">A switch that, when activated,
automatically returns to its original position</span></span></div>
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<span style="font-size: small;"><span style="font-family: "Helvetica Neue",Arial,Helvetica,sans-serif;">afterwards.</span></span></div>
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<span style="font-size: small;"><span style="font-family: "Helvetica Neue",Arial,Helvetica,sans-serif;"><b><span style="color: #33339b; font-family: "ArialNarrow-Bold","sans-serif"; font-size: 16.0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: ArialNarrow-Bold;">tailgating</span></b></span></span></div>
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<span style="font-size: small;"><span style="font-family: "Helvetica Neue",Arial,Helvetica,sans-serif;"><span style="color: black;">The security breach that
occurs when an unauthorized person slips past a checkpoint undetected, by
following an authorized user through an open door. (A similar breach is </span><span style="color: black; font-family: "Arial,Bold","sans-serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: "Arial\,Bold"; mso-bidi-font-weight: bold;">piggybacking</span><span style="color: black;">, where
the authorized user is complicit and holds the door open.)</span></span></span></div>
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<span style="font-size: small;"><span style="font-family: "Helvetica Neue",Arial,Helvetica,sans-serif;"><b><span style="color: #33339b; font-family: "ArialNarrow-Bold","sans-serif"; font-size: 16.0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: ArialNarrow-Bold;">tamper</span></b></span></span></div>
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<span style="font-size: small;"><span style="font-family: "Helvetica Neue",Arial,Helvetica,sans-serif;"><span style="color: black;">A digital input which
monitors the status of a device, typically the door of an enclosure.</span></span></span></div>
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<span style="font-size: small;"><span style="font-family: "Helvetica Neue",Arial,Helvetica,sans-serif;"><b><span style="color: #33339b; font-family: "ArialNarrow-Bold","sans-serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: ArialNarrow-Bold;">template</span></b></span></span></div>
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<span style="font-size: small;"><span style="font-family: "Helvetica Neue",Arial,Helvetica,sans-serif;"><span style="color: black;">In </span><span style="color: black; font-family: "Arial,Bold","sans-serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: "Arial\,Bold"; mso-bidi-font-weight: bold;">biometrics</span><span style="color: black;">, a
computed transformation of a scan – still unique to the individual but taking
up much less storage. It is the template, not the raw scan, that is stored in a
database of users or on the chip of a </span><span style="color: black; font-family: "Arial,Bold","sans-serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: "Arial\,Bold"; mso-bidi-font-weight: bold;">smart card</span><span style="color: black;">, for comparison to a live
scan taken at an </span><span style="color: black; font-family: "Arial,Bold","sans-serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: "Arial\,Bold"; mso-bidi-font-weight: bold;">access
point</span><span style="color: black;">.</span></span></span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: normal; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0in; mso-layout-grid-align: none; text-autospace: none;">
<span style="font-size: small;"><span style="font-family: "Helvetica Neue",Arial,Helvetica,sans-serif;"><b><span style="color: #33339b; font-family: "ArialNarrow-Bold","sans-serif"; font-size: 16.0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: ArialNarrow-Bold;">threshold</span></b></span></span></div>
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<span style="font-size: small;"><span style="font-family: "Helvetica Neue",Arial,Helvetica,sans-serif;"><span style="color: black;">In </span><span style="color: black; font-family: "Arial,Bold","sans-serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: "Arial\,Bold"; mso-bidi-font-weight: bold;">biometrics</span><span style="color: black;">, the
user-adjustable parameter that can be used to adjust the two failure rates (</span><span style="color: black; font-family: "Arial,Bold","sans-serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: "Arial\,Bold"; mso-bidi-font-weight: bold;">false acceptance </span><span style="color: black;">and </span><span style="color: black; font-family: "Arial,Bold","sans-serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: "Arial\,Bold"; mso-bidi-font-weight: bold;">false rejection</span><span style="color: black;">). Since
it represents “How close is close enough?” decreasing one of the failure rates automatically
increases the other.</span></span></span></div>
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<span style="font-size: small;"><span style="font-family: "Helvetica Neue",Arial,Helvetica,sans-serif;"><b><span style="color: #33339b; font-family: "ArialNarrow-Bold","sans-serif"; font-size: 16.0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: ArialNarrow-Bold;">time schedules</span></b></span></span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: normal; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0in; mso-layout-grid-align: none; text-autospace: none;">
<span style="font-size: small;"><span style="font-family: "Helvetica Neue",Arial,Helvetica,sans-serif;"><span style="color: black;">Consists of time ranges
that are associated with days of the week or holidays, and are often used with
access levels or as trigger events.</span></span></span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: normal; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0in; mso-layout-grid-align: none; text-autospace: none;">
<span style="font-size: small;"><span style="font-family: "Helvetica Neue",Arial,Helvetica,sans-serif;"><b><span style="color: #33339b; font-family: "ArialNarrow-Bold","sans-serif"; font-size: 16.0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: ArialNarrow-Bold;">token</span></b></span></span></div>
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<span style="font-size: small;"><span style="font-family: "Helvetica Neue",Arial,Helvetica,sans-serif;"><span style="color: black;">A small object with a
microchip that carries your personal identifying information. The token is
touched to a reader, or simply brought within range if it includes </span><b><span style="color: black; font-family: "Arial,Bold","sans-serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: "Arial\,Bold";">RFID </span></b><span style="color: black;">capability.</span></span></span></div>
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<span style="font-size: small;"><span style="font-family: "Helvetica Neue",Arial,Helvetica,sans-serif;"><b><span style="color: #33339b; font-family: "ArialNarrow-Bold","sans-serif"; font-size: 16.0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: ArialNarrow-Bold;">trigger</span></b></span></span></div>
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<span style="font-size: small;"><span style="font-family: "Helvetica Neue",Arial,Helvetica,sans-serif;"><span style="color: black;">An event or manual action
that will cause another event or execution of a macro.</span></span></span></div>
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<span style="font-size: small;"><span style="font-family: "Helvetica Neue",Arial,Helvetica,sans-serif;"><span style="color: black;">An </span><span style="color: black; font-family: "Arial,Bold","sans-serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: "Arial\,Bold"; mso-bidi-font-weight: bold;">access control </span><span style="color: black;">card that
has an onboard </span><span style="color: black; font-family: "Arial,Bold","sans-serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: "Arial\,Bold"; mso-bidi-font-weight: bold;">RFID </span><span style="color: black;">transmitter/receiver,
allowing it to communicate with a reader from a distance of up to one meter (3
feet).</span></span></span></div>
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<span style="font-size: small;"><span style="font-family: "Helvetica Neue",Arial,Helvetica,sans-serif;"><span style="color: black;">In </span><span style="color: black; font-family: "Arial,Bold","sans-serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: "Arial\,Bold"; mso-bidi-font-weight: bold;">biometrics</span><span style="color: black;">, a
digital representation of a user’s voice used for comparison with the user’s
live speech at an </span><span style="color: black; font-family: "Arial,Bold","sans-serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: "Arial\,Bold"; mso-bidi-font-weight: bold;">access
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<div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: normal; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0in; mso-layout-grid-align: none; text-autospace: none;">
<span style="font-size: small;"><span style="font-family: "Helvetica Neue",Arial,Helvetica,sans-serif;"><b><span style="color: #33339b; font-family: "ArialNarrow-Bold","sans-serif"; font-size: 16.0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: ArialNarrow-Bold;">Voltage drop</span></b></span></span></div>
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circuits due to two principal factors: (1) wire size and, (2) length of wire
runs.</span></span></div>
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multiplied by the rated current. This establishes the "apparent energy"
available to accomplish work.</span></span></div>
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<span style="font-size: small;"><span style="font-family: "Helvetica Neue",Arial,Helvetica,sans-serif;"><span style="color: black;">Wide area network</span></span></span></div>
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<span style="font-size: small;"><span style="font-family: "Helvetica Neue",Arial,Helvetica,sans-serif;"><b><span style="color: #33339b; font-family: "ArialNarrow-Bold","sans-serif"; font-size: 16.0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: ArialNarrow-Bold;">watt </span></b></span></span></div>
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<span style="font-size: small;"><span style="font-family: "Helvetica Neue",Arial,Helvetica,sans-serif;">The common unit of electrical power.
One watt is dissipated by a resistance of one ohm through which one ampere
flows.</span></span></div>
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type of </span><span style="color: black; font-family: "Arial,Bold","sans-serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 115%; mso-ansi-language: EN-US; mso-bidi-font-family: "Arial\,Bold"; mso-bidi-font-weight: bold; mso-bidi-language: AR-SA; mso-fareast-font-family: Calibri; mso-fareast-language: EN-US; mso-fareast-theme-font: minor-latin;">access control </span><span style="color: black; font-family: "Arial","sans-serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 115%; mso-ansi-language: EN-US; mso-bidi-language: AR-SA; mso-fareast-font-family: Calibri; mso-fareast-language: EN-US; mso-fareast-theme-font: minor-latin;">card
that uses imbedded work-hardened wire (Wiegand wire) to hold information read
by swiping it through a reader.</span></span></span>Midwest Wholesale Hardwarehttp://www.blogger.com/profile/15527889078105488471noreply@blogger.com0tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-5288013282487955259.post-25998613453486704552013-07-16T05:52:00.000-07:002013-07-16T06:07:02.960-07:00Multi-Door Power Supplies<!--[if gte mso 9]><xml>
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</xml><![endif]--><span style="font-size: large;"><span style="font-size: small;">I have been fielding a number of questions lately about power supplies. Do I need a power supply at each door that has an electrified lock? How many doors can I power from a single supply? Why do I need fused outputs for each door? There are several things to take into consideration when selecting a power supply.<br /><br />VOLTAGE:<br />Most electrified locks will require either 12VDC or 24VDC. There are very few reasons why you would want to mix of 12VDC and 24VDC locks on the same project, so the first decision is the voltage you need. Power supplies are available in 12VDC, 24VDC, some are user selectable 12VDC or 24VDC, and a few are capable of simultaneously putting out both 12VDC and 24VDC. <br /><br />AMPERAGE:<br />Each powered device will be rated for current draw. The sum of all of the devices is your maximum current requirement. It is normal to allow for an additional 20% capacity. The maximum current draw may or may not account for requirements for battery charging, which is why it is common to allow for some excess capacity.<br /><br />EXAMPLE:<br />o 3 electric strikes @ .25 amps each = .75 amps (750 mA)<br />o 2 maglocks @ .15 amps each = .3 amps (300 mA)<br />o 2 motion detectors @ .05 amps each = .1 amps (100 mA)<br /><br />The total current draw would be 1.15 amps. Allowing for an additional 20% would raise this to 1.38 amps, so your power supply selection will probably be 1.5 amps or larger.<br /><br />OUTPUTS:<br />Power distribution boards are available from several power supply manufacturers to give you multiple outputs ranging from 2 to 16 outputs. These can be fused outputs, or PTC (polymeric positive temperature coefficient) outputs, with or without relay switching. In the example listed above with 3 electric strikes, 2 maglocks and 2 motion detectors, it would be easy to power everything off of one unprotected output. The advantage of using a power distribution board is you have a dedicated output for each device. When problems arise, it will make trouble shooting much easier. Also, when you have a problem with one device, it will not affect the rest of the system. It will be much easier to isolate, diagnose and repair the problem, while leaving all other equipment in service. It is typically a requirement to drop power to maglocks during a fire, so you also will want to make sure the selected power supply has a fire alarm input for this purpose.<br /><br />MODELS AVAILABLE:<br />There are a variety of manufacturers that offer 12VDC, 24VDC, user selectable 12VDC or 24VDC, and dual output 12VDC and 24VDC. They can come as either linear or switching power supplies (the choice of linear vs. switching will be a separate installment on the blog) with current outputs from 1 amp to 20 amps and higher. Both fused and PTC outputs are available with 1 to 32 outputs, with and without relay control.<br /><br />If you have any questions or need help in selecting the proper supply, our sales department is ready to help.</span></span>Midwest Wholesale Hardwarehttp://www.blogger.com/profile/15527889078105488471noreply@blogger.com0tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-5288013282487955259.post-77596077174958271772013-04-25T05:40:00.001-07:002013-04-25T05:40:20.387-07:00Scope of Work<!--[if gte mso 9]><xml>
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<span style="font-family: Arial,Helvetica,sans-serif;"><b style="mso-bidi-font-weight: normal;"><span style="font-size: 20.0pt; line-height: 115%;">What is it & Why do
I need it?</span></b></span></div>
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<br /></div>
<div class="MsoNormal">
<span style="font-family: Arial,Helvetica,sans-serif;"><span style="font-size: 14.0pt; line-height: 115%;">What is a
“Scope of Work” document, and what should it include? Needless to say, this can
vary according to the size and complexity of the project. At a minimum, it
needs to contain a clear and definitive written explanation of the work to be
done, a bill of material, and time frame for the work to be completed. It
should also include and specify any items that are needed to complete the
installation that are required by the customer, and/or other parties, such as
power, network, who is programming and entering the access card holder
information, etc.<span style="color: red;"> </span>It may also include a
statement of qualifications, schedule of values or drawings which indicate
equipment location, wire runs, and point to point connections. If you are
dealing with one individual at the customer’s location, you may believe he has
a firm grasp on what you are proposing, but conversations which take place over
an extended period of time can cause some confusion. You don’t want anything to
be a surprise to either side. You also do not want your contact at the facility
to explain the project to his supervisor, based on his recollection of your
discussions. You cannot afford to have anything lost in translation. If you
take the time to commit the plan to paper, most confusion can be avoided. A
well thought out, clear, definitive written explanation of the project should
give someone totally unfamiliar with the project a good grasp of what is to be
done, what is included, and what is excluded. </span></span></div>
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<span style="font-family: Arial,Helvetica,sans-serif;"><span style="font-size: 14.0pt; line-height: 115%;">Once this
has been done, and all sides agree that this is the proper plan of action, the
Scope of Work will be signed by all parties, and will become the specification
for the job. The purchase order from the customer should reference this
document. Any deviations from this plan by any party would require written
agreement by all, and may affect the final cost of the project (+ or –), and/or
completion date. Upon completion of the project, this document may be used as a
checklist for the acceptance test to determine substantial completion, and
warranty start date. It is very difficult to establish a warranty end date
without a documented warranty start date,</span></span></div>
<span style="font-family: Arial,Helvetica,sans-serif;">
<span style="font-size: 14pt; line-height: 115%;">When this type of documentation becomes second
nature to your company, you will find many common problems will become things
of the past. Improved communications will strengthen customer relationships,
and profitability will increase.</span></span>Midwest Wholesale Hardwarehttp://www.blogger.com/profile/15527889078105488471noreply@blogger.com0tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-5288013282487955259.post-15573077416485070442013-02-28T12:46:00.001-08:002013-02-28T12:46:28.526-08:00Power Supply Selection<!--[if gte mso 9]><xml>
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<span style="font-size: 16.0pt; line-height: 115%;">Customers
installing an exit device with electrified retraction will often ask for a
recommendation for a less expensive power supply than the one supplied by the
exit device manufacturer. “Why can’t I use the lower priced unit” or “the specs
for the two power supplies are the same” are common phrases we hear. Many
electrified retraction exit devices are solenoid driven, which can require a
very large current in-rush to retract the device, and a much lower current
level to keep it retracted. Typically, the hardware manufacturer will only test
the device with their own brand of power supply. While you may find another
brand that appears to do the job, intermittent problems may lurk down the road.
At some point in time, you may need to call the manufacturer’s tech support
department. When they are dealing with an issue on an electrified retraction
device, the first three questions you commonly hear are:</span></div>
<br />
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<li><span style="font-size: 16.0pt; line-height: 115%; mso-bidi-font-family: Calibri; mso-bidi-theme-font: minor-latin;"><span style="mso-list: Ignore;"><span style="font: 7.0pt "Times New Roman";"> </span></span></span><span style="font-size: 16.0pt; line-height: 115%;">What make and model power supply do
you have?</span></li>
<li><span style="font-size: 16.0pt; line-height: 115%; mso-bidi-font-family: Calibri; mso-bidi-theme-font: minor-latin;"><span style="mso-list: Ignore;"><span style="font: 7.0pt "Times New Roman";"> </span></span></span><span style="font-size: 16.0pt; line-height: 115%;">How far is the power supply from the
door?</span></li>
<li><span style="font-size: 16.0pt; line-height: 115%; mso-bidi-font-family: Calibri; mso-bidi-theme-font: minor-latin;"><span style="mso-list: Ignore;"><span style="font: 7.0pt "Times New Roman";"> </span></span></span><span style="font-size: 16.0pt; line-height: 115%;">What gauge of wire has been
installed?</span></li>
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<span style="font-size: 16.0pt; line-height: 115%;">If you
answer any of these questions with information that is not consistent with
factory specifications, they will tell you to correct it to meet factory
recommendations, then call back if you are still having trouble. While this may
be very irritating, your trouble will magnify if it is you customer’s
maintenance staff that makes the call to tech support and finds out your
installation is not to factory specs. </span></div>
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<br /></div>
<div class="MsoNormal">
<span style="font-size: 16.0pt; line-height: 115%;">The small
amount you saved by selecting a different power supply could cost you in the
long run.</span></div>
Midwest Wholesale Hardwarehttp://www.blogger.com/profile/15527889078105488471noreply@blogger.com0tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-5288013282487955259.post-6928335091685139132013-01-08T14:25:00.000-08:002013-01-08T14:27:18.647-08:00Maglocks - Life Safety vs. Security<!--[if gte mso 9]><xml>
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<span style="font-size: small; line-height: 115%;">I have been
fielding a lot of questions lately regarding electromagnetic locks (maglocks),
their allowable use, and what releasing devices are required to meet code. This
has historically been an issue that causes more confusion than any other, and a
source of code violations for many years. The truth is, there is no one single
answer. Many contractors still believe that all you need is a pushbutton
adjacent to the door to release the lock. This is not accurate. Since the
release of the 2000 IBC, you must have a UL listed sensor that will release the
lock as you approach the door. A pushbutton labeled “Push to Exit” is required,
and must directly interrupt power, independent of an access control system, to
release the lock for a minimum of 30 seconds. This timer must be resettable. Loss
of power to the sensor must release the lock. In addition, activation of the
fire alarm and/or sprinkler system must directly interrupt power to the
maglock.</span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal">
<span style="font-size: small; line-height: 115%;">Many
customers do not want a sensor to release the door. This could cause a security
breach just by walking down the hallway. Regardless, the sensor is not an
option.</span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal">
<span style="font-size: small; line-height: 115%;">According to
the 2007 supplement, doors that do not require panic hardware can use a switch
in the hardware in place of the sensor to release the maglock, providing the switch
is specifically tested and listed for that purpose.</span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal">
<span style="font-size: small; line-height: 115%;">The 2012
version goes a step further to allow switches in panic and fire exit hardware
to release the lock. Again, the hardware must be tested and listed for that
purpose. In this case, there is no requirement for the fire alarm connection, sensor
or an exit button with 30 second timer.</span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal">
<span style="font-size: small; line-height: 115%;">While the
2007 & 2012 IBC provides different hardware requirements than older
versions of the code, you need to check with your local authorities. They may
or may not recognize newer versions. If they still require compliance with the
2006 (or earlier) code, you must comply. Many times, direct communications with
the AHJ (Authority Having Jurisdiction) can prevent problems. You will want to
make sure you are armed with correct information and have a documented plan of
how you will accomplish your goal while adhering to the intent of the code.
When you are armed with accurate information, you will find that many of the AHJ’s
can be reasonable and willing to listen. If you have no back-up documentation,
and want to argue that the code interferes with your security plan, you are
guaranteed to lose.</span></div>
Midwest Wholesale Hardwarehttp://www.blogger.com/profile/15527889078105488471noreply@blogger.com0tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-5288013282487955259.post-48862318913153299092012-11-07T06:56:00.001-08:002014-09-30T12:21:06.156-07:00Common mistakes in planning an access control system<!--[if gte mso 9]><xml>
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<span style="mso-bidi-font-family: Calibri; mso-bidi-theme-font: minor-latin;"><span style="mso-list: Ignore;">1)<span style="font: 7.0pt "Times New Roman";">
</span></span></span><b style="mso-bidi-font-weight: normal;">“That is
not what I wanted”</b> is not a phrase you want to hear during an acceptance
test.<span style="mso-spacerun: yes;"> </span>If a clear, definitive, scope of
work is not prepared, how do you insure that what you are selling is actually
what the customer is expecting, or that the technician installing the system
has a firm grasp of what needs to be accomplished. How will you or the customer
judge whether the installed system is functioning in full compliance with the
contract? When the customer requests the system, you need to document all
functions and have the customer sign off on the plan to insure you are both on
the same page. This must include a functional analysis of the system, bill of
material, and location of all components. Just what is it the system is
supposed to do, how it will communicate, how it will be programmed. If all
aspects of the system are included in a written document, the customer will be
on the same page as you, and “surprises” can be avoided. The scope can then be
used as a checklist during an acceptance test to insure total compliance. </div>
<div class="MsoListParagraphCxSpMiddle" style="margin-left: .25in; mso-add-space: auto; mso-list: l0 level1 lfo1; text-indent: -.25in;">
<span style="mso-bidi-font-family: Calibri; mso-bidi-theme-font: minor-latin;"><span style="mso-list: Ignore;">2)<span style="font: 7.0pt "Times New Roman";">
</span></span></span><b style="mso-bidi-font-weight: normal;">“The
customer only asked me to install one door”</b>. Many access control systems
start out as one door, and there are a large variety of standalone devices for
this type of application. Everything from mechanical pushbutton locks to
off-line integrated locks that incorporate a keypad and/or card reader or an
on-line single door system. Questions need to be asked to determine what is
right for the customer.</div>
<div class="MsoListParagraphCxSpMiddle" style="margin-left: 67.5pt; mso-add-space: auto; mso-list: l0 level2 lfo1; text-indent: -.25in;">
<span style="mso-bidi-font-family: Calibri; mso-bidi-theme-font: minor-latin;"><span style="mso-list: Ignore;">a)<span style="font: 7.0pt "Times New Roman";">
</span></span></span>Does the customer have plans of adding access
control to additional doors? What is their long term plan?</div>
<div class="MsoListParagraphCxSpMiddle" style="margin-left: 67.5pt; mso-add-space: auto; mso-list: l0 level2 lfo1; text-indent: -.25in;">
<span style="mso-bidi-font-family: Calibri; mso-bidi-theme-font: minor-latin;"><span style="mso-list: Ignore;">b)<span style="font: 7.0pt "Times New Roman";">
</span></span></span>Does the customer have other facilities, and
will they want to expand the “system” to encompass these facilities? Have they
established a corporate standard?</div>
<div class="MsoListParagraphCxSpMiddle" style="margin-left: 67.5pt; mso-add-space: auto; mso-list: l0 level2 lfo1; text-indent: -.25in;">
<span style="mso-bidi-font-family: Calibri; mso-bidi-theme-font: minor-latin;"><span style="mso-list: Ignore;">c)<span style="font: 7.0pt "Times New Roman";">
</span></span></span>What is the desired method of programming? Do
they want to program via a keypad built into the unit, a hand held programmer,
or directly from a central database.</div>
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<span style="mso-bidi-font-family: Calibri; mso-bidi-theme-font: minor-latin;"><span style="mso-list: Ignore;">d)<span style="font: 7.0pt "Times New Roman";">
</span></span></span>Is there a requirement for an audit trail of transactions?</div>
<div class="MsoListParagraphCxSpMiddle" style="margin-left: 67.5pt; mso-add-space: auto; mso-list: l0 level2 lfo1; text-indent: -.25in;">
<span style="mso-bidi-font-family: Calibri; mso-bidi-theme-font: minor-latin;"><span style="mso-list: Ignore;">e)<span style="font: 7.0pt "Times New Roman";">
</span></span></span>How many users will there be, both now and in
the future?</div>
<div class="MsoListParagraphCxSpMiddle" style="margin-left: .25in; mso-add-space: auto; mso-list: l0 level1 lfo1; text-indent: -.25in;">
<span style="mso-bidi-font-family: Calibri; mso-bidi-theme-font: minor-latin;"><span style="mso-list: Ignore;">3)<span style="font: 7.0pt "Times New Roman";">
</span></span></span>Is the opening currently mechanically secure? Is
the door and frame in good operational repair? Adding access control won’t fix
the existing mechanical problems.</div>
<div class="MsoListParagraphCxSpMiddle" style="margin-left: .25in; mso-add-space: auto; mso-list: l0 level1 lfo1; text-indent: -.25in;">
<span style="mso-bidi-font-family: Calibri; mso-bidi-theme-font: minor-latin;"><span style="mso-list: Ignore;">4)<span style="font: 7.0pt "Times New Roman";">
</span></span></span><b style="mso-bidi-font-weight: normal;">“I did
not include that in my bid”.</b> What type of documentation and training is the
customer looking for? Are construction drawings required as part of the project?
How about riser diagrams, as-built drawings, or O&M manuals. Are they
expecting a formal training program, and if so, how many people are to be
trained, and is this during normal working hours? If some of the managers are 2<sup>nd</sup>
or 3<sup>rd</sup> shift, you may have to train them at odd hours. If the
project requires extensive drawings, and you do not have in-house CAD
capabilities, you will incur significant costs to have them prepared. If these
items are not included in your work, have you specifically exempted it in your
written Scope of Work?</div>
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<br /></div>
<div class="MsoListParagraphCxSpLast" style="margin-left: 0in; mso-add-space: auto;">
<b style="mso-bidi-font-weight: normal;">Proper planning and documentation will help
you accurately estimate cost, minimize problems and maximize return.</b></div>
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<![endif]-->Midwest Wholesale Hardwarehttp://www.blogger.com/profile/15527889078105488471noreply@blogger.com0