Maglocks - Life Safety vs. Security

I have been fielding a lot of questions lately regarding electromagnetic locks (maglocks), their allowable use, and what releasing devices are required to meet code. This has historically been an issue that causes more confusion than any other, and a source of code violations for many years. The truth is, there is no one single answer. Many contractors still believe that all you need is a pushbutton adjacent to the door to release the lock. This is not accurate. Since the release of the 2000 IBC, you must have a UL listed sensor that will release the lock as you approach the door. A pushbutton labeled “Push to Exit” is required, and must directly interrupt power, independent of an access control system, to release the lock for a minimum of 30 seconds. This timer must be resettable. Loss of power to the sensor must release the lock. In addition, activation of the fire alarm and/or sprinkler system must directly interrupt power to the maglock.

Many customers do not want a sensor to release the door. This could cause a security breach just by walking down the hallway. Regardless, the sensor is not an option.

According to the 2007 supplement, doors that do not require panic hardware can use a switch in the hardware in place of the sensor  to release the maglock, providing the switch is specifically tested and listed for that purpose.

The 2012 version goes a step further to allow switches in panic and fire exit hardware to release the lock. Again, the hardware must be tested and listed for that purpose. In this case, there is no requirement for the fire alarm connection, sensor or an exit button with 30 second timer.

While the 2007 & 2012 IBC provides different hardware requirements than older versions of the code, you need to check with your local authorities. They may or may not recognize newer versions. If they still require compliance with the 2006 (or earlier) code, you must comply. Many times, direct communications with the AHJ (Authority Having Jurisdiction) can prevent problems. You will want to make sure you are armed with correct information and have a documented plan of how you will accomplish your goal while adhering to the intent of the code. When you are armed with accurate information, you will find that many of the AHJ’s can be reasonable and willing to listen. If you have no back-up documentation, and want to argue that the code interferes with your security plan, you are guaranteed to lose.